Rhetorical devices

• Asyndetic listing

  Listing without using conjunctions
• Allusion

  A short reference to a famous person or event
• Anaphora

  A rhetorical device that repeats the same word or words at the beginning of a phrase or sentences
• Antistrophe

  Repeats the words at the end of a phrase or sentence
• Chasmus

  The words in one phrase or clause are reversed in the next
• Ethos

  An appeal to ethics, asking the listener to look favourably on the speaker, stressing intelligence, competence, fairness, morality and qualities desirable in a trustworthy leader
• Hypophora

  Asking a question and then answering it yourself
• Litotes

  The opposite of hyperbole, an understatement
• Logos

  Rational appeal; asks the listener to use their intellect and power of reasoning, use of evidence such as statistics or logical sequencing
• Syndetic list

  List using conjunctions
• Parallelism

  The use of phrases, clauses or sentences with a similar grammatical structure
• Pathos

  Appeal to the audience need values or emotions
• Pysma

  The asking of multiple questions successively
• Triadic structure

  The use of words, phrases, examples or the beginnings or endings of or phrases in threes
• Warranting

  Showing certainty