CONDENSATION

• CONDENSATION REACTION?

  two molecules react together to form a larger one and a smaller molecule is eliminated
• TWO TYPES OF CONDENSATION POLYMERS?

  polyesters and polyamides
• POLYESTER MONOMERS?

  1. Diol and dicarboxylic acids
  2. Hydroxycarboxylic acids
• EXAMPLE OF A DIOL AND DICARBOXYLIC ACID POLYESTER?

  Terylene

  • ethan-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
  • plastic bottles, t-shirts and umbrellas
• EXAMPLE OF A HYDROXYCARBOXYLIC ACID POLYESTER?

  Poly(lactic) acid

  • 2-hydroxypropanoic acid
  • maize
  • biodegradable
  • food and drinks cartons
• POLYAMIDE MONOMERS?

  1. Diamines and dicarboxylic acids
  2. Amino acids
• EXAMPLES OF DIAMINE AND DICARBOXYLIC ACID POLYAMIDES?

  Nylon-6,6

  • 1,6-diaminohexane and hexane-1,6-dioic acid
  • faster in laboratory if diacid chloride is used
  • zip tags
  • guns

  Kevlar

  • benzene-1,4-diamine and benzene-1,4-dioic acid
  • bulletproof vests
  • car seats
  • strength from rigid chains that pack together with strong intermolecular forces
• AMINO ACID POLYAMIDES?

  polypeptides
• DISPOSAL?

  POLYALKENES

  • not biodegradable
  • strong, non-polar C-H and C-C bonds
  • landfill/ incineration/ melted and remoulded
  • burnt to produce CO2 and H2O for energy
  • if incomplete release CO

  ADDITION POLYMERS

  • e.g. polystyrene
  • release toxic products on combustion
  • toxic styrene vapour/ CO/ unburnt C particles

  CONDENSATION POLYMERS

  • biodegradable
  • hydrolysis