8 markers

• Biological explanations for OCD
• Outline
 role of serotonin

  • believed to help regulate mood neurotransmitters -> relaying info from one neuron to another
  • low levels of serotonin -> normal transmission doesn't take place therefore experience low mood
  • some cases of OCD explained by reduction of serotonin in brain

  Decision making systems

  • OCD -> associated with impaired decision making

  abnormal functioning of lateral of the frontal lobes

  • FL -> responsible for logical thinking and decision making
  • evidence that area called left parahippocampal gyrus associated with processing unpleasant emotions, functions abnormally in OCD
• PEC 1 -> research to support

  • example -> antidepressants work purely on serotonin and are effective in reducing OCD symptoms suggests involvement
  • Symptoms of OCD form parts of conditions known as " biological origin" eg Parkinson disease which causes muscle tremors
  • if a biological disorder produces OCD symptoms then we assume underline OCD

  CONCLUSION

  • suggest biological factors.eg serotonin may also be responsible for OCD
• PEC 2 -> No unique neural system

  • example ->serotonin may not be unique to OCD
  • many people with OCD experience clinical depression
  • having two disorders "co morbidity"
  • depression involves disruption to the action of serotonin
  • leaves us unaware what causes OCD as could be just because of depression

  conclusion

  means serotonin may not be relevant to OCD symptoms
• COGNITIVE EXPLANATION FOR DEPRESSION
• outline

  Becks negative triad

  ellis ABC model
• Pec 1 -> research to support

  • example -> cognitive vulnerability
  • predispose a person to becoming depressed eg neg triad
  • Beck concluded these more common in depressed people
  • however preceded to depression ]Joseph agreed tracked 473 adolescent measuring cognitive vulnerability
  • cognitive vulnerability - > depression

  conclusion

  association between cognitive vulnerability and depression