multistore model of memory
Cards (9)
- strength
- evidence to support separation of STM and LTM
- glanzer & cunitz found that when given a 20 word list, participants recalled words in beginning and end the best - an effect of 2 stores being used separately as words in beginning recalled due to rehearsal so entered LTM, whereas words in end went to STM as they were recently heard
- provides evidence for structure of memory the MSM suggests
- weakness
- cannot explain memories formed without rehearsal
- brown and kulik (1977) - emotionally intense, high consequence memories, can be recalled in large detail without rehearsal
- contradicts MSM which says that information must be rehearsed in order to enter LTM
- weakness
- contradiction of MSM description of STM
- baddeley and hitch conducted dual task study - participants had to process 2 visual tasks simultaneously (tracking a dot, drawing a capital F in their mind) and struggled but when they tracked the dot with auditory task, no issues
- STM has separate processes for visual and auditory tasks which MSM does not account for
- sensory memoryinformation from the environment goes to SM if you pay attention to information but if not it is lost by decay
- capacity, duration, encoding of sensory memory
- unlimited capacity
- 0.5 to 3s but if attention is not placed = decay
- encodes depending on sense
- what is short term memoryif you pay attention to SM, it enters STM where maintenance rehearsal can keep information stored in STM but if not, it is displaced by other memories
- capacity, duration, encoding of STM
- 5-9 items capacity
- 30s if maintenance rehearsal is occurs but if not = displacement
- encodes acoustically
- what is long term memoryif information from STM is elaborately rehearsed, it can enter LTM but if not, it is lost by interference or decay. retrieval failure can occur when there is an inability to access stored memory
- capacity, duration, encoding of LTM
- unlimited
- duration is mins to lifetime
- encodes semantically