𐙚 history elizabeth

• Elizabeth becoming Queen

  - 1558, aged 25

  - succeeded Catholic, Mary I

  - inherited an unstable kingdom

  - England and Wales were divided by religion, poverty was increasing and foreign enemies were growing more powerful
• Coronation

  - London, Jan 1559

  - a lavish, grand affair

  - despite facing debts on becoming Queen, the coronation cost £16,000

  - became an act of propaganda, like her portraits
• court

  a group of ppl who surrounded the monarch at all times. they travelled around with the country with her and on her royal progresses
• royal progresses

  tours / parades around the country that showed Elizabeth's wealth and power to everyone, she was able to make 'friends' with other nobles adding to her power. staying at wealthy noblemens houses
• where was court mostly

  whitehall palace in london but regularly in windsor too
• why did they move around for court

  the palaces needed to be "aired and sweetened" so it didnt become unhygienic
• how many ppl in court?

  over 1000
• who was in the court?

  servants, privy council, ladies in waiting, nobility, ambassadors, elizabeth's favourites
• elizabeth's favourites

  robert dudley, christopher hatton, earl of essex, walter raleigh
• what was expected at court?

  -flirt with elizabeth

  -shower her with gifts and pretend to be in love with her
• pasttimes at court

  tennis, plays, concerts, hunting, balls, feasts
• the queen was centre of the government

  -those closest to her had most influence and power

  -used to project and exercise her power

  -court was centre of political life

  -courtiers didn't necessarily hold gov positions ➡️became powerful through close rs with queen➡️had to compete with one another for her attention and favours➡️led to conflict at the end of her reign
• what was distributed at court?

  patronage: power to appoint ppl to an important job or granting titles or monopolies

  
  

  -was used to ensure loyalty➡️dependant on her for income and status

  -distributed very widely➡️ensure political stability

  -way to reward courtiers without spending royal revenues➡️economy was weak and income was limited
• Patronage

  granting titles to ensure politcal stability

  - could be used by aristocracy to their supporters

  robert dudley➡️earl of leicester in 1564
• monopoly

  the exclusive right to sell or produce an item

  
  

  -unpopular➡️worsened the problems of inflation➡️no competition

  
  

  robert devereux's monopolies on sweet wines which got taken away due to rebellion in 1601