water

• What are the three essential global resources?

  Food, water, and energy
• Why is water important for human life?

  It is essential for survival and daily activities
• How much water do cars require for production?

  76,000 litres
• How much water is needed to produce 1kg of beef?

  15,500 litres
• What does water surplus mean?

  Supply exceeds the demand for water
• What is water stress?

  Insufficient clean water despite adequate volume
• Which countries have extremely high levels of water stress?

  India, Saudi Arabia, and Iran

  
• What is water security?

  Reliable access to clean water meeting demand
• What can lead to water insecurity?

  Contaminated sources and lack of purification
• What is the threshold for water stress per person?

  Below 1700m³ per person per year
• How does climate change affect water supplies?

  It reduces rainfall and increases weather hazards
• What are water-borne diseases?

  Diseases caused by contaminated water sources
• What are symptoms of water-borne diseases?

  Diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, stomach cramps
• How can water shortages impact agriculture?

  They can cause crop failures and food insecurity
• What conflict can arise from water supply issues?

  Disputes between states or countries over water
• What is groundwater management?

  Managing water pumps to prevent over-extraction
• What is recycling in the context of water use?

  Re-using treated water in industries
• What is a water transfer scheme?

  Transporting water from surplus to demand areas
• What is desalination?

  Converting salt water into fresh water
• What are the environmental concerns of large water projects?

  They release carbon dioxide and displace wildlife
• What is underground storage of water?

  Pumping water underground to reduce evaporation
• What are the benefits of dams and reservoirs?

  They store water and reduce evaporation losses
• What are the impacts of water insecurity?

  • Water-borne diseases (e.g., Cholera, Typhoid)
  • Food and agriculture shortages
  • Conflicts over water supplies
• What are the sustainable strategies to increase water supply?

  • Groundwater management
  • Recycling of water
  • Water transfer schemes
  • Desalination
• What are the pros and cons of groundwater management?

  Pros:

  • Reduces over-extraction risk
  • Lowers contamination risk

  
  

  Cons:

  • Illegal extraction may occur
  • Potential for unfair pricing
• What are the pros and cons of recycling water?

  Pros:

  • Saves fresh water for drinking
  • Increases agricultural yield

  
  

  Cons:

  • Treatment increases costs
  • Some industries may resist sustainability
• What are the pros and cons of water transfer schemes?

  Pros:

  • Supplies urban areas with water
  • Profitable for surplus countries

  
  

  Cons:

  • High construction costs
  • Risk of leakages
• What are the pros and cons of desalination?

  Pros:

  • Increases freshwater availability
  • New technologies improve efficiency

  
  

  Cons:

  • Requires significant energy
  • Waste brine can be hazardous
• What are the challenges of increasing water supply in high demand areas?

  • High population density
  • Existing supplies under pressure
  • Environmental impacts of construction
• What are the strategies to reduce water insecurity globally?

  • Improve water management
  • Enhance purification processes
  • Increase awareness and conservation efforts
• What is one strategy to increase water supplies in the world?

  Underground storage
• What are the advantages of using underground storage to increase water supplies?

  Reduces water loss due to evaporation, can supply extra houses, works for infrequent rainfall
• What are the disadvantages of using underground storage to increase water supplies?

  Expensive to construct and run constantly, potential environmental problems
• What is another strategy to increase water supplies in the world?

  Dams and reservoirs
• What are the advantages of using dams and reservoirs to increase water supplies?

  Control river flow, reduce flood risk, generate hydroelectric power
• What are the disadvantages of using dams and reservoirs to increase water supplies?

  Flooding of villages and towns, water loss through evaporation
• What is the main reason for water conflicts between countries?

  Increasing population leading to water scarcity
• What caused violent protests in Bolivia in 2000?

  A private company taking control of the country's water supplies
• What is the water stress map of the UK showing?

  The level of water stress in different regions of the UK

  
• What factors affect the water stress in a region of the UK?

  Population density, precipitation levels, and water wastage through leaks