Coding

• What is coding?

  • The format in which information is stored in the memory stores
• what did baddeley 1966 do?

  gave lists to participants to remember
• what was group 1’s conditions?

  • acoustically similar words
  • words sounding the same
  • cat,mat,fat
• what was group 2’s conditions?

  • acoustically dissimilar words.
  • words sounding different.
  • pit,few,cow
• what was group 3’s conditions?

  • semantically similar
  • words with similar meaning.
  • huge,large,big
• what was group 4’s conditions?

  • semantically dissimilar
  • words with different meanings
  • good,huge,hot
• after participants showed original words and asked to recall them, in what ways were they asked to recall?

  • immediately (STM)
  • after 20 minutes (LTM)
• what were the findings of immediate recall?

  • recall the worst with acoustically similar words
  • because they sound similar, they get more muddled up easily
• what were the findings with recall after 20 minutes?

  • recall the worst with semantically similar words.
  • they have a similar meaning, so get more easily muddled IP
• What was the conclusion to immediate recall findings?

  • Because STM gets confused with acoustically similar words.
  • Its information is processed through acoustics
• what are the conclusions to the 20 minute recall findings?

  • because LTM gets confused with similar semantically meaning words.
  • its information is processed through semantics
• Evaluate artificial task

  • Word lists held no personal meaning to participants.
  • When processing more meaningful information, people use semantic coding, even in STM.
  • Limited application.
• evaluate good explanation

  • identified clear difference in two stores.
  • helped people understand the stores.
  • produced multi-store model