8 markers

• (24) 2d) Examine the role of different physical processes in the formation of the coastal landforms.

  • discordant = ALTERNATING bands of more & less resistant rocks

  • helped cr8 the headland shown consisting of more resistant rock = is less easily eroded.

  • arch will have been formed where erosional processes (e.g. hydr action) attacked areas of the headland with more faults/ joints.

  • caves made on either side of the headland deepened & then joint 2gthr = arch.

  • arch which joined the stack to headland but roof of arch collapsed, leading to the stack being separated from the headland.

  
• (24) 2d

  ● headland extends approximately 1.5km

  ● end of the headland is located at approximately 057826

  ● beach along northern side of headland stretches approximately 1.2km

  ● beach is sand & shingle beach

  ● along south of the headland, there's cliffs shown by contour lines being very close together

  ● landforms are located at The Foreland & are 200m in length

  ● large block of chalk with arch in it; separated from another block of chalk

  
• (24) examine the causes of the river flooding

  The flooding was caused by a range of human and physical causes.

  ● physical causes include the underlying geology which is clay: an impermeable rock which has low rates of infiltration & percolation leading to more surface runoff

  ● heavy rain in the previous few weeks will have saturated clay; reducing infiltration & percolation rates

  ● was a heavy storm on 12th January which may have exceeded infiltration

  rates leading to rapid surface run-off

  ● river channel was unable to accommodate all this water & burst its banks.

  
• (24) examine causes of the river flooding

  ● evidence of large-scale flooding: surrounding flood plain partially covered.

  ● underlying rock type is clay which is impermeable

  ● there was a large storm on the 12th January

  ● floodplain is between 1-1.5km wide at this location.

  ● floodplain is very flat; shown by widely spaced contours.

  ● two weirs shown on the map.
• (24) assess importance of different impacts of tropical cyclones in a names emerging or developing country

  CYCLONE CHIDO

  • reduction to crop yields: malnutrition & death for people and livestock
  • longer journey to find water: taking children out of SCHOOL & farmers out farms; high birth rates
  • migration: to search for a way to survive; breaks community
  • long grass used for roofs can’t grow so some homes are unprotected
  • low water levels = loss of habitat for wildlife & fish
• (24) assess importance of different impacts of tropical cyclones in a names emerging or developing country

  • may reflect track of the cyclone & the amount of wealth & technology in a country
  • social impacts may be greater in some parts of developing countries – eg loss of life may be greater amongst poorer communities
  • poor warning systems in areas where groups live & less ability to respond
  • longer-term impacts greater: less able to respond rapidly
  • environmental depend on the physical landscape & strength & intensity of the cyclone
  • vary depending on quality of defence systems in place