3.3.2

• Why does china have the largest education system?


  They have 260 million students and over 15 million teachers in 514,000 schools
• education is state run and every child must attend school for at least 9 years.

  In 2007 children in rural areas could go to school without having to travel so far and having to pay
• Wealthy families generally have access to better education for their children

  The household registration system (hakou) further widened this gap
• goverment policy’s, which require local goverments to provide some of the funding needed for schools
• strategies aimed at reducing inequalities

  • Improving school infrastructure
  • the special teaching post plan for rural schools - to attract and keep teachers in rural areas
  • curricular reformation
  • Improving technology and creating links between rural and urban schools to share resources online.
• Annual disposable income in china

  Western china - 30,000 yuan

  Eastern china - 50,000 yuan
• illiteracy rates in china - 2013

  tibet (western) - 28.9%

  gansu (western) - 9.82%

  Beijing (east) - 0.94%

  shanghai (east) - 1.58%
• social and economic disparity’s in China

  Urban/rural differences

  Employment and unemployment

  Housing and urban overcrowding

  Health

  Crime and law

  Education

  Welfare

  Human rights - women, population, control and law and order

  Minorities
• government policies introduced to help control the population

  one child policy - 1979

  The hukou system - 1980s

  Reform and open - mid 1980s
• the one child policy

  One child policy = if you lived in the city you could only have one child – if you lived in the country side you could have a second child if your first child was a girl. Twins were the exception. This policy was lifted in 2015    
• one child policy - 2

  One child policy was very effective – average birth rate per woman was 4.7 in the 1970s and dropped to 1.6 in 2011

  estimated that there will be a shortage of 140 million workers in the next few years.

  The Chinese changed the policy as they were scared of the ageing population however having a child is expensive so many family’s would most likely only have one child.

  in some areas there were 130 Men to every 100 women
• What kind of health care system does china have?

  A centralised health care system
• 1960 - “barefoot doctor”

  Short but intensive medical training and they travelled around rural china

  Life expectancy increased
• 1970s/80s

  market based healthcare

  limited by financial constaints and altimatly resulted in decling health coverage
• now


  95% of the population is covered

  more than double the number of hospitals and health centres bed per 1000 people in urban areas
• now - 2

  migrant workers not covered in city’s

  investments in health care increased

  people going into hospitals for minor things instead of going to local health care facilitys - over crowding

  medical insurance price decreasing - more people can afford it