Right Realists

• Wilson and Herrnstein claim a combination of biological and social factors are the cause of crime
• Herrnstein and Murray say the main cause of crime is low intelligence
• Murray say the welfare state and lone mothers being ineffective socialisation agents mean young boys become criminals
• Clarke says Rational Choice Theory is the cause of crime
• Rational Choice Theory means it is a decision to commit crime as a rational calculation of consequences and benefits
• Situational Crime Prevention means to reduce the opportunities to commit crime
• An example of Situational Crime Prevention is Felson's 'Bus Terminals in NYC' were stalls and sinks were made smaller
• Environmental Crime Prevention means communities are held together by zero tolerance policies
• Zero Tolerance is an approach of punishing low offending very seriously
• Broken Windows was the visible sign of crime which Wilson and Kelling claim lead to more crime
• Target Hardening means making it harder to burgle somewhere to prevent crime