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Particles and Radiation
Energy Levels and Photon Emission
Wave-Particle Duality
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Created by
Harry Parker
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Cards (27)
What is the phenomenon called when light behaves as both a particle and a wave?
Wave-particle duality
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How does light interact with matter?
As a
particle
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What provides evidence for light behaving as a particle?
The
photoelectric effect
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How does light propagate through space?
As a
wave
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What experiment demonstrates the wave nature of light?
Young's Double-Slit Experiment
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What occurs during diffraction of waves?
Waves spread out
after passing through a
gap
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What happens when light passes through a slit similar in width to its wavelength?
A
diffraction
pattern forms
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Who proposed that light can be described as quanta of energy?
Einstein
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What are photons?
Particles of
light energy
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What does the equation E = hf represent?
Energy of
photons
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What is the threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect?
The minimum frequency to emit
photoelectrons
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How does the wave theory of light explain photoelectric emission?
Any
frequency
can cause emission over time
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What does the wave theory suggest about energy absorption by electrons?
Energy increases
gradually
with each wave
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How does the kinetic energy of emitted electrons relate to radiation intensity?
It should
increase
with
intensity
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What is observed when light frequency is above the threshold?
More
photoelectrons
are emitted per second
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What does the wave theory fail to explain?
The
photoelectric effect
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Who discovered that matter can behave as a wave?
Louis
de Broglie
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What is produced when a beam of electrons is directed at a thin graphite film?
A
diffraction
pattern
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Why can't diffraction be explained by describing electrons as particles?
Diffraction is a property of
waves
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What must electrons be focused through to observe diffraction?
A gap similar to their
de Broglie wavelength
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Why is graphite film ideal for observing electron diffraction?
It has a
crystalline structure
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What happens to the diameter of diffraction rings with larger accelerating voltage?
It
reduces
the
diameter
of
rings
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What happens to the diameter of diffraction rings with lower accelerating voltage?
It increases the diameter of rings
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What is the experimental setup to demonstrate electron diffraction?
Electrons are accelerated in an
electron gun
High
potential
(e.g., 5000 V)
Directed through thin film of
graphite
Electrons diffract from gaps between carbon atoms
Produce
circular pattern
on fluorescent screen
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How does increasing voltage affect the energy and speed of electrons?
It increases both energy and speed
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What is the relationship between kinetic energy and voltage across the anode-cathode?
Kinetic energy is
proportional
to voltage
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What is the equation for kinetic energy of electrons?
E =
1
2
m
v
2
=
\frac{1}{2} mv^2 =
2
1
m
v
2
=
e
V
eV
e
V
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