metabolism

• • What is metabolism?

  Metabolism is the process involving a set of chemical reactions that modify a molecule into another for storage, for immediate use in another reaction, or as a by-product.
• • What processes does metabolism include?

  Metabolism includes processes for cell growth, reproduction, response to environmenf, survival mechanisms, sustenance, and maintenance of cell structure and integrity. It is made up of two categories: catabolism and anabolism.
• • What are autotrophs capable of?

  Autotrophic organisms, or producers, are capable of producing complex organic compounds from simple substances, using light energy (photosynthesis) or inorganic chemical reactions (chemosynthesis). They can reduce carbon dioxide to make organic compounds for biosynthesis and also create a store of chemical energy.
• • What types of autotrophs are there?

  Autotrophs can be phototrophs or chemotrophs, while phototrophs use light as an energy source and chemotrophs use electron donors as a source of energy.
• • Can heterotrophs do the same?
  • Heterotrophic organisms are those that are not capable of fixing carbon from inorganic sources but use organic carbon for growth.
• • How do we divide heterotrophs?

  Based on how they obtain energy we can divide them into photoheterotrophs or chemoheterotrophs.
• • What is the relationship between hetero and autotrophs in terms of nutrition?

  Heterotrophs contrast with autotrophs, such as plants and algae, which can use energy from sunlight (photoautotrophs) or inorganic compounds (lithoautotrophs) to produce organic compounds such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from inorganic carbon dioxide. These reduced carbon compounds can be used as an energy source by the autotroph and provide the energy in food consumed by heterotrophs.
• • What does anabolism involve?

  The process involves a sequence of chemical reactions that construct or synthesize molecules from smaller units, usually requiring the input of energy (ATP) in the process. This type of metabolism is constructive and endoergic. (eg. photosynthesis glucose)
• • What does catabolism involve?

  The process involves a series of degradative chemical reactions that break down complex molecules into smaller units, usually releasing energy in the process. This is a destructive type of metabolism, exoergic. (e.g. respiration → CO., Н.0)
• • How does the cell regulate their biochemical processes?

  Cells regulate their biochemical processes by inhibiting or activating enzymes. The cellular need varies from cell to cell and even this need changes over time. Your stomach cells require a different amount of energy than your nerve cells. This changes throughout the day too.
• • What is the purpose of enzymes

  A cell's function is encased by the chemical reactions it can perform. In cells, they promote those reactions that are specific to the cell's function. Because enzymes ultimately determine which chemical reactions a cell can carry out and the rate at which they can proceed, they are key to cell functionality.
• Homogeneous catalysis is catalysis in a solution by a soluble catalyst. Homogenous catalysis refers to reactions where the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactants, principally in solution.
• In contrast, heterogeneous catalysis describes processes where the catalysts and substrate are in distinct phases, typically solid-gas, respectively.
• Enzymes are examples of homogeneous catalysts.
• acid-base catalysis, acceleration of a chemical reaction by the addition of an acid or a base
• Metabolism •Anabolism is the synthesis of macromolecules from smaller ones. •In contrast, catabolism is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller and simpler forms. •This metabolism is a necessary process to remove toxic waste from our bodies. • A breakdown is done by many enzymes in the liver. •The liver is the major organ where most of the functions occur due to many enzymes. •It is the only organ with the highest number of enzymes, and its dysfunction can be easily diagnosed by blood enzyme tests. Enzymes play a crucial role in metabolism.