Safety Aspects of Nuclear Reactors

Cards (35)

  • What can radioactive substances emit that is dangerous?
    Harmful radiation
  • Why are some radioactive substances dangerous for a long time?
    They have very long half-lives
  • What must be done with waste products from nuclear power stations?
    They need to be appropriately stored
  • What are common methods for storing nuclear waste?
    Water tanks or sealed underground
  • Why is it important to store nuclear waste properly?
    To prevent damage to people and the environment
  • How does sealing nuclear waste underground help safety?
    It reduces the risk of dislodgement
  • What is the fuel used in nuclear reactors?
    Enriched uranium
  • Which isotope of uranium undergoes fission?
    U-235
  • What role does U-238 play in nuclear reactors?
    It absorbs fission neutrons
  • How are fuel rods handled in nuclear reactors?
    Remotely by machines
  • What surrounds a nuclear reactor to ensure safety?
    A thick lead or concrete shielding
  • What happens during an emergency in a nuclear reactor?
    Control rods are fully lowered
  • What is the purpose of lowering control rods in an emergency?
    To stop fission reactions
  • What are the three main types of nuclear waste?
    Low level, intermediate level, high level
  • What is considered low-level waste?
    Clothing, gloves, and tools
  • How long is low-level waste radioactive?
    A few years
  • How is low-level waste stored?
    Encased in concrete and stored underground
  • What characterizes intermediate-level waste?
    It is between daily items and fuel rods
  • How is intermediate-level waste stored?
    Encased in cement in steel drums
  • What is high-level waste comprised of?
    Unusable fission products and spent fuel rods
  • Why is high-level waste considered the most dangerous?
    It remains radioactive for thousands of years
  • What additional care is required for high-level waste?
    It is extremely hot
  • How is high-level waste initially treated?
    Placed in cooling ponds of water
  • What happens to isotopes of plutonium and uranium from high-level waste?
    They are harvested for reuse
  • What is vitrification in the context of high-level waste?
    Mixing waste with molten glass to solidify
  • How is vitrified waste stored?
    Encased in steel, lead, or concrete containers
  • Where must high-level waste be stored?
    Very deep underground
  • What is a benefit of nuclear power stations regarding pollution?
    They produce no polluting gases
  • Why are nuclear power stations considered reliable?
    They provide consistent electricity production
  • How does uranium compare to coal in terms of energy?
    Uranium provides more energy per kg
  • What is a major risk associated with nuclear power?
    Production of dangerous radioactive waste
  • What catastrophic event is associated with nuclear meltdowns?
    Chernobyl disaster
  • How can nuclear power affect public perception?
    It can scare people if misunderstood
  • Why is nuclear energy considered dangerous?
    It is invisible and can be misunderstood
  • How can education impact society's view on nuclear energy?
    It helps inform decisions and opinions