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Nuclear Physics
Nuclear Fusion and Fission
Safety Aspects of Nuclear Reactors
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Created by
Harry Parker
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Cards (35)
What can radioactive substances emit that is dangerous?
Harmful
radiation
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Why are some radioactive substances dangerous for a long time?
They have very long
half-lives
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What must be done with waste products from nuclear power stations?
They need to be
appropriately stored
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What are common methods for storing nuclear waste?
Water tanks or sealed
underground
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Why is it important to store nuclear waste properly?
To prevent
damage
to
people
and the
environment
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How does sealing nuclear waste underground help safety?
It reduces the risk of
dislodgement
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What is the fuel used in nuclear reactors?
Enriched uranium
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Which isotope of uranium undergoes fission?
U-235
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What role does U-238 play in nuclear reactors?
It absorbs
fission neutrons
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How are fuel rods handled in nuclear reactors?
Remotely
by machines
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What surrounds a nuclear reactor to ensure safety?
A thick
lead
or
concrete shielding
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What happens during an emergency in a nuclear reactor?
Control rods
are fully lowered
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What is the purpose of lowering control rods in an emergency?
To stop
fission reactions
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What are the three main types of nuclear waste?
Low level
,
intermediate level
, high level
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What is considered low-level waste?
Clothing
,
gloves
, and tools
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How long is low-level waste radioactive?
A few years
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How is low-level waste stored?
Encased in
concrete
and stored
underground
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What characterizes intermediate-level waste?
It is between
daily items
and
fuel rods
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How is intermediate-level waste stored?
Encased in
cement
in
steel drums
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What is high-level waste comprised of?
Unusable
fission products
and
spent fuel rods
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Why is high-level waste considered the most dangerous?
It remains
radioactive
for
thousands
of years
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What additional care is required for high-level waste?
It is
extremely
hot
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How is high-level waste initially treated?
Placed in
cooling ponds
of water
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What happens to isotopes of plutonium and uranium from high-level waste?
They are
harvested
for reuse
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What is vitrification in the context of high-level waste?
Mixing waste with
molten
glass to solidify
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How is vitrified waste stored?
Encased in
steel
,
lead
, or concrete containers
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Where must high-level waste be stored?
Very deep
underground
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What is a benefit of nuclear power stations regarding pollution?
They produce no
polluting
gases
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Why are nuclear power stations considered reliable?
They provide consistent
electricity production
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How does uranium compare to coal in terms of energy?
Uranium provides more energy per
kg
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What is a major risk associated with nuclear power?
Production of dangerous
radioactive
waste
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What catastrophic event is associated with nuclear meltdowns?
Chernobyl disaster
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How can nuclear power affect public perception?
It can scare people if
misunderstood
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Why is nuclear energy considered dangerous?
It is
invisible
and can be misunderstood
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How can education impact society's view on nuclear energy?
It helps
inform
decisions and opinions
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