Electron Diffraction

• What is the main focus of the study material?

  Electron diffraction
• What was produced to investigate electron wave-like properties?

  An electron diffraction tube
• What potential difference was used to accelerate electrons in the experiment?

  5000 V
• Through what material were the electrons directed?

  A thin film of graphite
• Why did the gaps between carbon atoms cause diffraction?

  They were sufficiently small
• What does diffraction indicate about electrons?

  They exhibit wave-like properties
• What pattern was produced on the fluorescent screen?

  A circular pattern
• What is the effect of increasing potential difference on the diffraction pattern?

  Diffraction rings move closer to the center
• What does DeBroglie's hypothesis predict about electron wavelength?

  It becomes shorter with more work done
• How does a shorter wavelength affect the diffraction angle?

  It leads to a smaller diffraction angle
• What was the first experimental proof regarding electrons?

  They exhibit wave-like properties
• How does the wavelength of electrons compare to X-rays?

  Electrons have shorter wavelengths
• What does a microscope's resolving power depend on?

  The wavelength of the radiation used
• What size is roughly comparable to an atom?

  10$^{-10}$ m
• How can researchers manipulate the wavelength of electrons?

  By changing the voltage across the anode
• What is the equation for the wavelength of accelerated electrons?

  • $\lambda =$$\frac{h}{\sqrt{2meV}}$
• What is the diameter of a carbon atom?

  1.5 × 10$^{-10}$ m
• What is the rearranged equation to find the anode potential difference?

  $V =$$\frac{h^2}{2me\lambda^2}$
• What is the calculated anode potential difference needed for the experiment?

  67.0 V
• What are the steps to determine the anode potential difference in an electron diffraction tube?

  1. Write the wavelength equation
  2. List known quantities
  3. Rearrange the equation for V
  4. Substitute known values to calculate V
• What should students ensure before studying electron diffraction?

  Solid understanding of diffraction
• What are the key components of the electron diffraction experiment?

  • Electron gun
  • Thin film of graphite
  • Fluorescent screen
  • High potential difference
• What is a common mistake during exams related to calculations?

  Errors in calculator substitutions