MUSIC

• What does the music of India reflect?

  Different aspects of Asian culture
• Why is Indian music fundamental to people's lives?

  It provides spiritual inspiration and cultural expression
• What are the two main types of Indian vocal music?

  • Carnatic Music
  • Hindustani Music
• What are compositions in Carnatic music called?

  Krti
• Why is Carnatic music referred to as "temple music"?

  It is directed to a Hindu god
• Where is Carnatic music predominantly found?

  South India
• What historical period does Hindustani music trace back to?

  Vedic period around 1000 BC
• What influences shaped Hindustani music?

  Persian influences and ancient Hindu traditions
• What is the most common style of singing in North India?

  Khyal
• What is Samagana?

  A style of singing developed over centuries
• What is the significance of the Sama Veda?

  It contains hymns sung as Samagana
• How does the Rig Veda relate to Samagana?

  It is also sung in the Samagana style
• What is the Rig Veda known for?

  Ancient Indian sacred collection of hymns
• Why is the Rig Veda considered important in Hinduism?

  It is the first among the four canonical texts
• What is Ghan in Indian music classification?

  A non-membranous percussive instrument
• What is the Ghatam?

  A large earthenware water pot
• What is the Manjira?

  A pair of clash cymbals
• What is the Daf?

  A large Kurdish and Persian frame drum
• What is the Tabla made of?


  Hollowed out wood, clay, or brass
• What is the Shank?


  A shell of a predatory sea snail
• What is Tala in Indian music?

  A regular, repeating rhythmic phrase
• What is the most common instrument for keeping rhythm in Hindustani music?

  Tabla
• What is the distinctive feature of Pakistani music?

  Unique vocals influenced by various cultures
• What are Ghazals about?

  Expressions of love, separation, and loneliness
• What is Qawwali?

  Devotional music of the Chishti Order
• What is Bhangra based on?

  The drum rhythm of dhol
• What is the Rubab?

  A national musical instrument of Afghanistan
• What is the significance of the Shofar?


  It is a call to prayer and repentance
• What is the Jewish Lyre?

  An ancient Hebrew musical instrument
• What is the Oud?


  A short-neck lute-type stringed instrument
• What is the Darbuka?


  A goblet-shaped drum
• What are the main classifications of music in India?

  1. Vocal Music

  • Carnatic Music
  • Hindustani Music

  1. Instrumental Music

  • Ghan
  • Avanaddh
  • Sushir
  • Tat
  • Vitat

  1. Rhythm

  • Tala
  • Theka
• What are the significant instruments of Israel and Arab countries?

  • Jewish Lyre
  • Psalterion Harp
  • Shofar
  • Goblet
  • Toft (Bendir)
  • Oud
  • Darbuka
• What are the uses of music in West Asia?

  • Communal worship
  • Mystic rituals
  • Life passage events
  • Entertainment
• What are the two divisions of Jewish music?

  1. Devotional
  2. Secular
• What are the characteristics of Arabic Maqam?

  • Unique improvisation technique
  • System of melodic modes
  • Analyzed by rhythmic units
• What is the significance of Iqa in Arabian music?

  • Rhythmic pattern with over 100 variations
  • Used in muwashahat
  • Ranges from two to 48 beats
• What are the main features of Israeli music?

  • Distinctive vocal styles
  • Guttural and throaty enunciation
• What is the role of rhythm in Indian music?

  • Fundamental to musical creation
  • Important in the Indian music system