Legionella

• What does the image in the video represent?

  A sinking ship with Roman soldiers
• What is the full name of the bacterium discussed?

  Legionella pneumophila
• What type of bacteria is legionella based on gram staining?

  Gram-negative bacillus
• What does the soldier falling out of the boat symbolize?

  Facultative intracellular nature of legionella
• How is legionella transmitted?

  Through water sources
• What does the sinking ship represent in the context of legionella?

  Legionella's ability to cause disease
• What is a common risk factor for legionella infection?

  Smoking and chronic lung disease
• What does the blue necklace symbolize in the video?

  Legionella is oxidase positive
• What color indicates a positive oxidase test?

  Blue or purple
• What do the piles of silver represent?

  Silver stain for identifying legionella
• What is the significance of charcoal yeast extract medium?

  It is used to grow legionella
• What does the water inside the ship symbolize?

  Legionella causes watery diarrhea
• What does the coughing soldier represent?

  Legionella causes pneumonia
• What do the stars above the soldier's head symbolize?

  CNS symptoms like confusion and headache
• What does the burning fire represent?

  Legionella can cause high fever
• What does the pontiac logo symbolize?

  Legionella causes Pontiac fever
• What is hyponatremia associated with?

  Legionella infection
• How can legionella be diagnosed?

  By detecting antigens in urine
• What is the treatment for legionella?

  Azithromycin and fluoroquinolones
• What key symptoms suggest legionella infection in the case study?

  Diarrhea, headache, high fever
• What does the sputum gram stain reveal in the case study?

  Abundance of neutrophils but no organisms
• What is the correct answer to the case study question?

  Antigens of the pathogen in the urine
• What are the key characteristics of legionella pneumophila?

  • Gram-negative bacillus
  • Facultative intracellular
  • Transmitted through water sources
  • Causes pneumonia and diarrhea
  • Associated with CNS symptoms
  • Oxidase positive
  • Diagnosed by urine antigen detection
  • Treated with azithromycin and fluoroquinolones
• What are the clinical features of legionella infection?

  • High fever (>39°C)
  • Diarrhea
  • CNS symptoms (confusion, headache)
  • Sputum gram stain shows neutrophils
  • Associated with smoking and chronic lung disease
• What are the laboratory findings associated with legionella?

  • Poor gram staining
  • Positive silver stain
  • Antigens detected in urine
  • Neutrophils present in sputum
• Legionella is grown on?

  Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron.