Health Assessment and Interview

• What is the primary way of obtaining comprehensive information about a patient?

  Interview
• What is the purpose of a health history?

  To provide a structured format
• What are the fundamentals of skilled interviewing?

  • Active Listening
  • Empathic Responses
  • Guided Questioning
  • Non-verbal Communication
  • Validation
  • Reassurance
  • Partnering
  • Summarization
  • Transitions
  • Empowerment
• What does active listening involve?

  Listening closely to the patient
• What are empathic responses?

  Recognizing patient feelings without assumptions
• What is guided questioning in patient interviews?

  • Open-ended questions lead to focused questions
  • Elicit graded responses
  • Ask one question at a time
  • Offer multiple-choice answers
  • Clarify the patient's meaning
  • Encourage with continuers
  • Use echoing
• Why is non-verbal communication important in interviews?

  It shows sensitivity to non-verbal cues
• What does validation provide in patient care?

  Support to validate the patient’s experience
• What is the role of reassurance in patient interviews?

  Identifying and accepting feelings
• What does partnering involve in nursing?

  Committing to a collaborative role
• What is the purpose of summarization in patient interviews?

  To organize data for clinical reasoning
• What are transitions in the context of patient interviews?

  Managing the flow between topics
• How does empowerment benefit patients?

  Encourages knowledge about their condition
• What is the primary focus of a nursing interview?

  Establishing rapport and trust with the client
• Why is it important to gather various types of information during a nursing interview?

  To identify deviations in the client's health
• What are the phases of the nursing interview?

  1. Pre-introductory Phase
  2. Introductory Phase
  3. Working Phase
• What occurs during the pre-introductory phase of the interview?

  Review of medical records or rely on interview skills
• What is the purpose of the introductory phase in a nursing interview?

  To set the stage for the interview
• What is one of the first tasks in the introductory phase?

  Introduce yourself
• Why is it important to explain the interview's purpose?

  To clarify the goals and expectations
• What should be discussed regarding the types of questions during the introductory phase?

  Discuss the types of questions to expect
• Demographic Data includes

  • Name
  • Primary Language
  • Address
  • Occupation/School
  • Contact
  • Marital Status
  • Sex/Gender
  • Religion
  • Age
  • Allergies
  • Date of birth
  • Resuscitation
  • Place of birth
  • Guardian and Contact
• Why is note-taking explained during the introductory phase?

  To explain its necessity for accuracy
• How can a nurse develop trust and rapport with a client?

  By being open and honest during the interview
• What assurance should be given to the client during the introductory phase?

  Assure confidentiality
• What activities are involved in the working phase of the nursing interview?

  • Listen and observe cues
  • Engage in critical thinking
  • Collaborate with the client to identify issues
• What is the first step in the summary and closing phase of an interview?

  Nurse summarizes info obtained during the working phase
• Why is it important to validate problems and goals with the client?

  To ensure mutual understanding and agreement
• What should a nurse do after summarizing information in the closing phase?

  Identify & discuss possible plans to resolve the problem
• What are the key aspects of nonverbal communication during an interview?

  • Neat and presentable appearance
  • Display poise and appropriate demeanor
  • Use neutral facial expressions
  • Maintain a non-judgmental attitude
  • Allow periods of silence for processing thoughts
• How does a nurse's appearance affect communication during an interview?

  A neat appearance promotes professionalism
• What is the most important skill to develop for effective communication with clients?

  Listening
• What should a nurse maintain to enhance communication during an interview?

  Good eye contact
• What is the purpose of open-ended questions in an interview?

  To elicit the client’s feelings and perceptions
• What type of questions are used to obtain specific information?

  Close-ended questions
• What is a laundry list in the context of an interview?

  A list of words for clients to choose from
• How can a nurse encourage full descriptions from a patient?

  By using probing techniques
• What are the special considerations during an interview with challenging patients?

  • Silent patient
  • Confusing patient
  • Patient with altered capacity
  • Talkative patient
  • Crying patient
  • Angry or disruptive patient
  • Patient with a language barrier
  • Patients with low literacy
  • Patients with hearing loss
  • Patient with impaired vision
  • Patients with limited intelligence
  • Patients with personal problems
  • Seductive patient
• Why is it important to address sensitive topics during an interview?

  To ensure comprehensive patient care
• What are some sensitive topics to discuss during an interview?

  • Sexual history
  • Mental health history
  • Alcohol and drug use
  • Intimate partner violence
  • Death and dying