Volleybal

• Volleyball is another team sports played by both male and female. Before it was played by a 9-man team, at the present , international rules changed the composition to a 6-man team.
• William G Morgan: Born in February 1895 in Holyoke, Massachusetts. A YMCA physical education director, created a new game called Mintonette as a pastime to be played indoors and by any number of players.
• The playing court is a rectangular and symmetrical space measuring 18 x 9m, surrounded by a free zone, which is a minimum of 3 m wide on all sides.
• Center line: The axis of the center line divides the playing court into two equal courts.
• Boundary line: Two side lines and two end lines mark the playing court.
• Attack line: Drawn 3 m back from the axis of the center line, marks the front zone.
• Front zone: From center line and the rear edge of the attack line.
• Service zone: The service zone is a 9 m wide area behind each end line.
• NET AND POSTS: Placed vertically over the center line at the height of 2.43 m for men and 2.24 m for women. The posts supporting the net are placed at a distance of 0.50-1.00 m outside the side lines. They are 2.55 m high and preferably adjustable.
• ANTENAE: a flexible rod, 1.80 m long and 10 mm in diameter, made of fiberglass or similar material
• Ball: shall be spherical, made of a flexible leather or synthetic leather case. Its color may be a uniform light color or a combination of colors. Its circumference is 65-67 cm and its weight is 260-280 g.
• Set (except the deciding 5th set) is won by the team which first scores 25 points with a minimum lead of two points. In the case of a 24-24 tie, play is continued until a two-point lead is achieved (26-24; 27-25; …).
• The match is won by the team that wins three sets. In the case of a 2-2 tie, the deciding 5th set is played to 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points.
• The winner of the toss chooses: EITHER the right to serve or to receive the service, OR the side of the court. The loser takes the remaining choice.
• SERVICE

  • Underhand
  • Overhead
  • Side Arm
  • Jump Float
  • Jump Top Spin
• PASS

  • Dig pass
  • Toss
• Block: In defense, one or more players in the front row jump on their side of the net, with hands and arms placed in front of an attacking spiker, to hit back the spiked ball or direct it to a teammate who can then return it across the net.
• SPIKE: The spike is executed by jumping high in the air, using good timing in hitting the ball with full force and power, placing it so that it will be very difficult to retrieve.
• SPIKE: is executed by jumping high in the air, using good timing in hitting the ball with full force and power, placing it so that it will be very difficult to retrieve.
• A “ TIP ” is also called placement. This is done by hitting the ball slightly so that it will drop close behind the net and into the court of the opponents.
• Set is a ball well placed, depending upon the choice of height hear the net for a teammate to spike it. Usually, the ball is tosses for setting
• FIRST REFEREE

  The referee is the judge of the game.

  • Signal when the service will be executed to start the play.
  • Inspect the equipment, playing area and net to be used, together with the second referee.
  • Receive and act on complaints.
  • Check the playing area before the start of the game.
  • Decide and call on faults committed by the players during the rally.
  • Decide and announce those who earn a point.
  • Announce the winner of the game
• SECOND REFEREE.

  • Check players’ position in the court before the start of the game.
  • Check players’ position in the court before the start of the service.
  • Take in charge of players substitutions.
  • Call on players who touch the net with any part of the body or uniform.
  • Assist the first referee by calling the attention of the player at fault and is not noticed by the first referee.
  • Call on players who will cross the center line while the ball is in play
• LINESMAN

  • Deciding whether a ball lands inside or outside the court.
  • Watching out for line violations such as stepping on the line during service
• SCORER

  • Accepts and keeps the list of participating teams.
  • Takes charge of the official score sheet.
  • Observes the decision of the referee.
  • Records the order of the service.
  • Records the score of players.
  • Records time outs and substitutions of players.
  • Makes referees and team captains sign the official score sheet with game results