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Chemistry Unit 1-10
C9-Chem of the Atmosphere
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Cards (32)
What gases were released during intense volcanic activity?
Volcanic
gases
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How was the early atmosphere
similar
to Mars and Venus?
It likely contained mainly
carbon dioxide
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What
gas built up in
the
atmosphere
over time?
Nitrogen
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What was the composition of the early atmosphere?
Mainly
carbon dioxide
and virtually no
oxygen
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Why are theories about Earth’s early atmosphere hard to prove?
Evidence from 4.6 billion
years
ago
is scarce
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What happened to water vapor in the early atmosphere?
It
condensed
to form oceans
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How was carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere?
Through
photosynthesis
by organisms
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What happened to carbon as dead organisms were compressed?
It became locked up in
rocks
and
fossil fuels
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What are carbonate precipitates?
Deposits formed from
carbonates
in oceans
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What type of rocks are limestone and coal?
Sedimentary rocks
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What formed crude oil and natural gas?
Compressed
plankton
deposits
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When did algae evolve?
About
2.7 billion
years ago
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What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen
today?
20%
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What do organisms produce through photosynthesis?
Oxygen
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O →
C₆H₁₂O₆
+ 6O₂
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What led to the evolution of animals?
The increase in
atmospheric
oxygen
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What gases are present in the atmosphere for the last 200 million years?
Water vapor
,
noble gases
, and CO₂
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What is the greenhouse effect?
Greenhouse gases
absorb and re-radiate
radiation
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What human activity increases carbon dioxide levels?
Burning
fossil fuels
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What do farm animals produce that contributes to greenhouse gases?
Methane
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What is a consequence of decomposition of land and agricultural waste?
It releases
carbon dioxide
and
methane
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What is the relationship between increased CO₂ levels and Earth's temperature?
Higher
CO₂ levels cause temperature
increases
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What are the four possible consequences of climate change?
Flooding and erosion in
coastal
areas
Difficulty producing food in certain areas
More frequent and
severe
storms
Changes in distribution of wild species
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What is a carbon footprint?
It measures
greenhouse gas
emissions over a
lifecycle
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How can reducing emissions affect carbon footprints?
It
reduces
the
carbon footprint
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What do fossil fuels contain that contributes to air pollution?
Hydrocarbons
and
sulfur
impurities
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What is carbon monoxide's characteristic?
It has no
color
or
smell
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What are the pollutants formed from fossil fuel combustion and their effects?
Carbon monoxide
: Stops oxygen transport in blood
Carbon particulates
: Causes respiratory problems
Sulfur dioxide
: Causes acid rain and damages plants
Oxides of nitrogen
: Causes respiratory problems
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What causes carbon monoxide pollution?
Incomplete
combustion
of
fossil fuels
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What is the effect of sulfur dioxide on the environment?
It causes
acid rain
and damages plants
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What causes respiratory problems related to nitrogen oxides?
Reaction between nitrogen and oxygen during
combustion
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What is the primary source of nitrogen oxides in the air?
Burning fuels in
car engines
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