Section 2

Cards (40)

  • What period did the majority of Germans suffer from economic hardship?
    1918-23
  • How did loans and mortgages benefit some Germans during 1918-23?
    They could pay back money owed quickly
  • Who was particularly helped by the ability to pay back loans quickly?
    Some business owners
  • What type of possessions protected people from inflation's worst effects?
    Land or buildings
  • How did some businesses benefit during the hyperinflation period?
    They experienced high profits
  • What was one consequence of the occupation of the Ruhr on the German economy?
    It further damaged the economy
  • Who would be considered a loser during the hyperinflation of 1923?
    A factory worker
  • Why would a business owner who took out a loan in 1914 be considered a winner during hyperinflation?
    They could repay loans with devalued currency
  • What is the time frame for the recovery of Germany discussed in this section?
    1924-29
  • Who was largely responsible for Germany's recovery during 1924-29?
    Gustav Stresemann
  • What was one major problem that persisted despite recovery efforts?
    Serious economic problems
  • What were the strengths and weaknesses of Stresemann’s domestic policy?
    Strengths:
    • Introduced Rentenmark to stabilize currency
    • Improved economic conditions with US loans

    Weaknesses:
    • No compensation for lost savings
    • Disillusionment with the Weimar Republic
  • What temporary currency did Stresemann introduce?
    Rentenmark
  • How many old marks were replaced by one Rentenmark?
    1,000 billion marks
  • What currency replaced the Rentenmark in 1924?
    Reichsmark
  • How did the new currency affect public perception?
    It was quickly accepted by Germans
  • What was one consequence for those who lost their savings?
    They felt cheated and disillusioned
  • What did the Dawes Plan provide for Germany?
    Loans from the USA
  • What was one positive outcome of the Dawes Plan?
    Industrial production reached pre-war levels
  • How did the Dawes Plan affect confidence in the government?
    Confidence in the government rose
  • What improvements did the German government make with US loans?
    Housing, hospitals, schools, and roads
  • What was one criticism of the Dawes Plan from some Germans?
    Felt the government gave in too much
  • How did right-wing nationalists view the recovery under the Dawes Plan?
    As a betrayal of national interests
  • What would have happened if the Dawes Plan had failed?
    Severe knock-on effects for the USA
  • What did the Young Plan do regarding reparations?
    Reduced the amount Germany had to pay
  • What was the total amount of reparations set by the Young Plan?
    £6.6 billion
  • What was one effect of lower reparation payments?
    Eased anger among nationalists
  • What was a concern regarding the Young Plan's timeline?
    Germany would pay reparations until 1988
  • What were the strengths and weaknesses of Stresemann’s foreign policy?
    Strengths:
    • Improved relations with Britain and France
    • Gained a permanent seat in the League of Nations

    Weaknesses:
    • Many Germans felt let down
    • Only recognized benefits of Locarno
  • What agreement did Germany sign in 1925 to respect borders?
    Locarno Pact
  • What was the outcome of the Locarno Pact?
    Improved relations and cooperation
  • When did Germany join the League of Nations?
    1926
  • What was Germany's status in the League of Nations after joining?
    Permanent seat on the Security Council
  • What did the Kellogg-Briand Pact aim to achieve?
    Resolve disputes peacefully
  • What was a limitation of the Kellogg-Briand Pact?
    It had little power or status
  • How did many Germans perceive Stresemann’s foreign policy?
    They felt let down by the outcomes
  • What were the major problems facing Germany that Stresemann dealt with?
    • Hyperinflation
    • Reparations
    • Weakened national trust
    • Lack of trust from foreign countries
  • What should you do to evaluate Stresemann's effectiveness?
    Assess how he dealt with major problems
  • What is required for an 8-mark question on Paper 1?
    Explain two effects with consequences
  • What should you include in your judgement about Stresemann's solutions?
    Support your judgement with reasons