M4

• What is the process of slowly adding one solution to another until neutralization?

  Titration
• Why is it important to master laboratory tools and apparatus?

  • Ensures accurate measurements
  • Enhances safety during experiments
  • Facilitates effective research project execution
• What tool is used to precisely measure the volume of liquids?

  Graduated cylinder
• What tool is used to scoop out solids?

  Scoopula
• What tool measures the mass of a material?

  Balance
• What tool measures the temperature of substances?

  Thermometer
• What are the key components of a chemical laboratory?

  • Place for tests and research
  • Supports chemical concepts
  • Introduces laboratory techniques
  • Encourages analytical thinking
• What are the safety precautions to ensure laboratory safety?

  • Know safety equipment locations
  • Avoid skin and eye contact with chemicals
  • Use equipment for designated purposes
  • Post warning signs for hazards
• What should you do if you encounter unusual hazards in the lab?

  Post warning signs
• Why should you avoid playing inside the laboratory?

  To prevent accidents
• What should you do with chemicals of unknown toxicity?

  Assume they are highly toxic
• What is the purpose of using personal protective equipment (PPE)?

  To ensure safety while handling materials
• What are the general safety precautions for handling hazardous materials?

  • Follow established procedures
  • Use appropriate PPE
  • Know the MSDS for materials
  • Store materials properly
• What should you do if a container of chemicals is broken?

  Report it immediately
• Why is it important to read labels and refer to MSDSs?

  To identify properties and hazards
• What are the guidelines for proper disposal of hazardous chemical waste?

  • Store in appropriate containers
  • Label with full chemical name and quantity
  • Segregate by compatibility
  • Follow local disposal regulations
• What is the purpose of a risk assessment in biological research?

  To determine potential harm from agents
• What are the classifications of biological agents based on risk groups?

  1. BSL-1: Low risk
  2. BSL-2: Moderate risk
  3. BSL-3: Serious disease risk
  4. BSL-4: High risk of life-threatening disease
• What is required for BSL-1 containment?

  Standard microbiological practices
• What is the main characteristic of BSL-2 containment?

  Access to the laboratory is restricted
• What is the requirement for BSL-3 containment?

  Prohibited projects with serious diseases
• What is the requirement for BSL-4 containment?

  Prohibited projects with high-risk agents
• What are the rules for studies with potentially hazardous biological agents?

  • Safeguard researcher welfare
  • Ensure ethical considerations
  • Follow established safety protocols
  • Assess risks before experiments
• What is the purpose of BSL-2 containment?

  Maximize safety for moderate risk agents
• What is required for access to a BSL-2 laboratory?

  Access is restricted to authorized personnel
• What type of biological safety cabinet is required in BSL-2 containment?

  Class 2, type A BSC
• What is the purpose of an autoclave in a BSL-2 lab?

  Decontaminate waste materials
• What personal protective equipment is required in a BSL-2 lab?

  Lab coats and gloves
• Who must supervise laboratory work in BSL-2 containment?

  A scientist who understands the risks
• What is the risk level of agents in BSL-3 containment?

  Serious or potentially lethal diseases
• Are projects in the BSL-3 group allowed?

  No, they are prohibited
• What type of agents require BSL-4 containment?

  Dangerous/exotic agents with high risk
• What must be reviewed before conducting experiments with PHBA?

  International guidelines and regulations
• Where is culturing of potentially hazardous biological agents prohibited?

  In a home environment
• What must be done with specimens collected at home?

  Transport them to a BSL lab immediately
• What is required for BSL-1 research supervision?

  Trained Designated Supervisor or Qualified Scientist
• What is the requirement for BSL-2 research approval?

  Review by the Institutional Biosafety Committee
• What is the status of students in BSL-3 or BSL-4 research?

  Prohibited from designing or participating
• What is considered a BSL-2 study?

  Culturing human or animal waste
• Can naturally-occurring plant pathogens be studied at home?

  Yes, but not cultured