M6

• What is the purpose of this module on ethical issues in research?

  To facilitate teaching-learning with minimal encounters
• What are the objectives of this self-learning module?

  Identify, explain, and apply ethical principles
• What should you do to achieve the module's objectives?

  Read lessons, take tests, and perform activities
• Why is honesty important when taking the pretest?

  To assess your actual knowledge of the topic
• What is the first question about ethical principles in research?

  What ethical principle considers benefits vs. potential danger?
• What does the ethical principle of potential harm address?

  It mitigates negative consequences of research
• What ethical principle does not justify breaches of ethics?

  Ethical Scientific Practices
• What is a violation of intellectual honesty?

  Copying another's work and changing authorship
• Why are ethical issues important in research?

  They guide how researchers should treat people
• What does informed consent entail?

  Participants understand the research and their role
• At what stage should ethics be considered in research?

  All stages of the research process
• What must be ensured in ethical research using animals?

  Minimize discomfort and harm to animals
• What is a form of intellectual dishonesty in research?

  Fabrication of data to support claims
• What is the definition of fabrication in research?

  Constructing data that never occurred
• What does falsification involve in research?

  Changing or omitting research results
• What constitutes plagiarism in research?

  Using others' work as your own
• Why must researchers weigh benefits against potential harm?

  To ensure society and values are not compromised
• What are ethics in the context of research?

  Moral principles and values of society
• What is the significance of ethical principles in scientific research?

  They build trust in research outcomes
• What are the general principles of ethical scientific practices?

  1. Human Subject as Research Entities

  • Informed consent and IRB approval

  1. Animal Care

  • Review and approval for vertebrate studies

  1. Other Research Entities

  • Follow regulations for hazardous agents
• What are common research misconducts to avoid?

  • Fabrication of data
  • Falsification of results
  • Plagiarism of others' work
• What ethical issues may arise in research involving human subjects?

  • Need for informed consent
  • Potential for harm to participants
  • Importance of IRB approval
• What ethical issues may arise in research involving animals?

  • Minimizing discomfort to animals
  • Ensuring ethical treatment
  • Obtaining necessary approvals
• What ethical issues may arise in research involving potentially hazardous biological agents?

  • Compliance with safety regulations
  • Proper training and supervision
  • Ethical treatment of agents
• What are the implications of conflict of interest in research?

  • Biased judgments in research
  • Undisclosed interests affecting outcomes
  • Importance of transparency in reporting
• What are the consequences of violating ethical principles in research?

  • Loss of credibility
  • Legal repercussions
  • Harm to participants or subjects