• In this present day and age, the proliferation of fake news is evident in print and digital media platforms. Thus, it becomes more apparent that sources of texts should be scrutinized for their credibility.
More apparent that sources of texts should be scrutinized for their credibility.
What are the historical sources?
Written sources
Material sources
Graphic sources
Historical Sources
• In a nation where there is a minimal documentation of oral history, it is complicated to trace the primary sources of many writtenhistoricalrecords that can help understand the relevance of historical events in addressing contemporarysocialissues.
Garraghan (1950)
Identified 6 points of inquiries to evaluate the authenticity of a primary source
6 points of inquiries to evaluate the authenticity of a primary source
Date
Localization
Authorship
Analysis
Integrity
Credibility
EXTERNAL CRITICISM
defined as the practice of verifying the authenticity of evidence
EXTERNAL CRITICISM
done by investigating its physical characteristics, consistent with historical characteristics of the time produced, and the materials used for the evidence
when conducting external criticism of a document include the:
type of paper
kind of ink
words and language used in the material
INTERNAL CRITICISM
looks at the truthfulness and factuality of the evidence
INTERNAL CRITICISM
it looks at the content of the source and examines the circumstance of its production
INTERNAL CRITICISM
It looks at the:
author of the source
content
agenda behind its creation
the knowledge that informed it
intendedpurpose.
Date
when was it produced?
Localization
Where did it originate?
Authorship
who wrote it?
Analysis
What pre-existingmaterials served as the basis for its production?