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Schizophrenia
diathesis-stress model
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Freya
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Cards (25)
What biological component is associated with schizophrenia?
Genes or
biochemistry
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How many genetic variations are associated with increased risk of schizophrenia according to Ripke et al.?
108
separate genetic variations
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What systems are likely linked to genetic factors in schizophrenia?
Faulty
dopaminergic systems
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What was the concordance rate for MZ twins in schizophrenia studies?
40.4%
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What was the concordance rate for DZ twins in schizophrenia studies?
7.4%
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What does a high concordance rate in twins suggest about schizophrenia?
It supports a
genetic component
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What does the fact that over half of identical twins do not both have schizophrenia suggest?
Environmental
factors influence
genetic
vulnerability
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What does the diathesis-stress model argue about stress?
It is
psychological
in nature
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What has recent research focused on regarding stress and schizophrenia?
Cannabis
use as a risk factor
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By how much can cannabis use increase the risk of schizophrenia?
Up to
7
times
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What does the interactionist approach in treating schizophrenia emphasize?
Combining
biological
and
psychological
therapies
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What combination of treatments is most commonly used for schizophrenia?
Antipsychotic medication with
CBT
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What do Turkington et al. (2006) argue about treating schizophrenia?
Biological
causes can still allow for psychological treatment
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Why might the combination of drugs and family therapy be ineffective?
If the patient has little contact with
relatives
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What is the typical treatment approach in Britain for schizophrenia?
Antipsychotic drugs first, then
CBT
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How does the treatment approach in the USA differ from that in Britain?
Typically offers
medication
without psychological treatments
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What is a limitation of the original diathesis-stress model?
It is too
simplistic
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What did Houston et al. (2008) find regarding childhood trauma and cannabis use?
Increased risk of developing
schizophrenia
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What was the focus of Tienari's (2004) study?
Impact of
genetic
vulnerabilities and dysfunctional parenting
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How many children were identified in Tienari's study as a high-risk group?
145
children
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What was the outcome of Tienari's study regarding family stress and genetic risk?
Family stress triggers
schizophrenia
in high-risk individuals
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What did Tarrier et al. (2004) find about combining treatments?
Lower symptoms with
combined treatments
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What are the economic implications of combining treatments for schizophrenia?
More cost-effective in the
long run
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What is the treatment-causation fallacy?
Treatment
effectiveness
does not imply causation
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What does the treatment-causation fallacy imply for schizophrenia research?
Validity
issues with supporting research
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