A03

• What is one strength of the SPE study?

  Control over key variables
• How did Zimbardo and his colleagues select participants for the SPE?

  Emotionally-stable individuals were chosen
• Why did the researchers randomly assign roles in the SPE?

  To rule out personality differences
• What does the behavior of guards and prisoners suggest about their roles?

  Behavior was influenced by the roles themselves
• What limitation did Banuazizi and Movahedi identify in the SPE?

  Lack of realism compared to a true prison
• What did participants in the SPE base their performances on?

  Stereotypes of prisoners and guards
• How did one guard in the SPE describe his role?

  Based on a character from Cool Hand Luke
• What did the prisoners believe about their behavior during the SPE?

  They thought rioting was typical for real prisoners
• What counterpoint did Mark McDermott present regarding the SPE's realism?

  Participants behaved as if the prison was real
• What percentage of prisoners' conversations were about prison life?

  90%
• How did 'Prisoner 416' perceive the SPE prison?

  As a real prison run by psychologists
• What limitation did Fromm identify regarding Zimbardo's conclusions?

  Zimbardo exaggerated the power of social roles
• How many guards behaved brutally in the SPE?

  Only one-third of the guards
• What did the other guards do instead of being brutal?

  They applied rules fairly or helped prisoners
• What does the behavior of most guards suggest about conformity in the SPE?

  Most resisted situational pressures to conform
• What does Zimbardo's view minimize in the SPE findings?

  The influence of dispositional factors