The Working Memory Model

• What is the working model of memory?

  An improved version of short-term memory
• How does the working memory model differ from the multi-store model?

  It explains processing of auditory and visual information
• What are the main components of the working memory model?

  • Central executive
  • Phonological loop
  • Visuospatial sketchpad
  • Episodic buffer
• What is the role of the central executive in the working memory model?

  It controls and directs attention to information
• What is the capacity limitation of the central executive?

  It can hold one type of information at a time
• What does the phonological loop process?

  Auditory information like sounds and words
• What are the two sections of the phonological loop?

  Phonological store and articulatory process
• What is the capacity of the phonological loop?

  What can be said in two seconds
• What does the visuospatial sketchpad process?

  Visual and spatial information
• What are the two processors of the visuospatial sketchpad?

  Visual cache and inner scribe
• What is the function of the episodic buffer?

  Integrates and stores information from different sources
• Who added the episodic buffer to the working memory model?

  Baddeley in 2000
• What is the word length effect?

  People remember shorter words better than longer ones
• How does dual task performance support the working memory model?

  It shows separation between slave systems
• What did the case study of KF demonstrate?

  Separation of verbal and visual short-term memory
• What did brain scanning evidence by Parapacaran show?

  Physical location of the episodic buffer
• What is a criticism of the central executive?

  It is not clearly defined in the model
• What is a limitation of laboratory studies in memory research?

  They lack external validity
• What does the term inference mean in cognitive psychology?

  Making educated guesses about behavior
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the working memory model?

  Strengths:

  • More accurate than short-term memory store
  • Describes memory as an active processor

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Central executive is poorly defined
  • Relies on laboratory studies with low external validity
• How can you apply the working memory model to real-life tasks?

  By understanding how to manage different types of information
• What is the specification for the working memory model regarding coding and capacity?

  Only features in the model are required
• How does the working memory model explain multitasking?

  It shows how different types of information are processed
• What is the significance of Baddeley's research on the phonological loop?

  It supports the capacity of the phonological loop
• How can understanding the working memory model help in studying?

  By using strategies to manage information effectively