ionic bonding

• What is the significance of a full outer energy level?

  It is stable and unreactive
• How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

  Two electrons
• How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

  Eight electrons
• How many electrons can the third energy level hold?

  Eight electrons
• Why are noble gases unreactive?

  They have a full outer energy level
• What do elements aim to achieve through reactions?

  A full outer energy level
• Where are metals located on the periodic table?

  On the left-hand side
• Where are non-metals located on the periodic table?

  On the right-hand side
• What occurs when a metal reacts with a non-metal?

  Ionic bonding takes place
• What charge do electrons have?

  Negative charge
• What do dots and crosses represent in the diagrams?

  Electrons in the atoms
• What do we call an atom with an overall charge?

  An ion
• What do both lithium ion and fluorine ion achieve?

  A full outer energy level
• What stable electronic structure do both ions have?

  The structure of a noble gas
• What do the Dot and cross diagrams show?

  Only the outer energy levels
• What do both sodium and chlorine achieve in the reaction?

  A full outer energy level
• What are the key facts about ionic bonding?

  • Elements react to achieve a full outer energy level
  • Metals lose electrons, forming positive ions
  • Non-metals gain electrons, forming negative ions
  • Both ions achieve a stable electronic structure