Explain the role of stomata

    Cards (75)

    • What are stomata?
      Tiny pores on plant leaves
    • How do the guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore?
      By changing their shape and size to regulate the size of the pore
    • What surrounds the stomata?
      Specialized guard cells
    • What is the function of the guard cells in a stoma?
      To open and close the stomatal pore
    • What is the role of the subsidiary cells in a stoma?
      • Support and surround the guard cells
      • Help regulate the opening and closing of the stomatal pore
      • Provide structural support to the stoma
    • What is the opening between guard cells called?
      Stomatal pore
    • If the guard cells swell, what will happen to the stomatal pore?
      The stomatal pore will open
    • What is the function of stomata?
      Allow plants to breathe and control water loss
    • Why do guard cells have a vacuole?
      To store water and regulate cell volume
    • What are the two main states of guard cells?
      • Swollen (turgid)
      • Shrunken (flaccid)
    • What is the structure of a stoma?
      • Two bean-shaped guard cells
      • Stomatal pore between guard cells
      • Surrounding epidermal cells
      • Subsidiary cells (neighboring epidermal cells)
    • What is the role of water (H2O) and potassium ions (K+) in the opening and closing of stomata?
      • Water (H2O) causes guard cells to swell and open stomata
      • Potassium ions (K+) cause guard cells to shrink and close stomata
    • How do the structural changes in guard cells affect the opening and closing of stomata?
      • Swollen guard cells have an opened stoma, allowing gas exchange
      • Shrunken guard cells have a closed stoma, restricting gas exchange
    • What happens to guard cells when they are turgid?
      They curve outward, opening the pore
    • What are the main components of a stoma?
      • Epidermal cell
      • Subsidiary cell
      • Stomatal pore
      • Guard cell
    • What shape are guard cells?
      Bean-shaped
    • What are subsidiary cells?
      Neighboring epidermal cells
    • If guard cells have a thick inner wall, what will happen to the stoma?
      The stoma will be closed
    • How do the inner walls of guard cells contribute to their function?
      Thicker walls cause bending when turgid
    • What type of cells surround the stomata?
      Epidermal cells
    • What are the key structural differences between swollen and shrunken guard cells?
      Swollen (turgid):
      • Thin (outer) wall
      • Opened stoma

      Shrunken (flaccid):
      • Thick (inner) wall
      • Closed stoma
    • What are guard cells?
      Specialized cells controlling stomata
    • How do guard cells regulate stomatal opening and closing?
      • When turgid, they curve outward to open
      • When flaccid, they shrink to close
    • During photosynthesis, which gas enters the leaf?
      CO2
    • What happens when guard cells are open?
      Gases diffuse through the stomatal pore
    • What are the key structural differences between open and closed stomata?
      Open Stomata:
      * Guard cells are turgid (swollen with water).
      * Stomatal pore is open.
      * Thin cell walls between guard cells.

      Closed Stomata:
      * Guard cells are flaccid (lacking turgor pressure).
      * Stomatal pore is closed.
      * Thick cell walls between guard cells.
    • What occurs when guard cells are closed?
      The pore seals shut, preventing gas movement
    • What is the main function of the chloroplast in guard cells?
      Photosynthesis
    • What are the main structures of a plant cell shown in the image?
      • Epidermal cell
      • Chloroplast
      • Vacuole
      • Guard cells
      • Stomatal pore
      • Nucleus
    • How does the structure of the guard cells change when the stoma opens?
      The guard cells become turgid and swell
    • Why do guard cells have a crucial role in gas exchange?
      They control stomatal opening and closing
    • How does the thickness of the cell walls differ between open and closed stomata?
      Thinner in open, thicker in closed
    • What is the name of the pore in the stomata?
      Stomata
    • How do stomata facilitate gas exchange during photosynthesis?
      • Guard cells open stomata
      • CO2 enters for photosynthesis
      • O2 exits as a byproduct
      • Guard cells close stomata to prevent gas loss
    • Compare and contrast the structure and function of open and closed stomata in plants. What factors might cause stomata to open or close?
      Open Stomata:
      * Turgid guard cells
      * Open pore
      * Thin cell walls
      * Facilitates gas exchange (CO2 intake, O2 release) and transpiration

      Closed Stomata:
      * Flaccid guard cells
      * Closed pore
      * Thick cell walls
      * Prevents excessive water loss (conserves water)


      Factors affecting opening and closing:
      * Light intensity
      * Water availability
      * CO2 concentration
      * Temperature
    • What is transpiration?
      Loss of water as water vapor
    • What gas exits the leaf during photosynthesis?
      O2
    • What regulates the opening and closing of stomata?
      Guard cells
    • How does the structure of the guard cells change when the stoma is open vs closed?
      • When stoma is open, guard cells are turgid and swollen
      • When stoma is closed, guard cells are flaccid and shrunken
    • What is the name of the process that occurs in the chloroplast during photosynthesis?
      CO2 fixation
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