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Memory
Working memory model
A03
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Cards (18)
Who conducted the case study of patient KF?
Tim Shallice
and
Elizabeth Warrington
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What type of memory ability was impaired in patient KF?
Short-term memory
for
auditory information
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How did KF's immediate recall of letters and digits differ based on presentation method?
Better when read
visually
than
acoustically
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What was damaged in KF's memory system?
His
phonological loop
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What was intact in KF's memory system?
His
visuo-spatial sketchpad
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What does KF's case study support regarding memory stores?
The existence of
separate
visual
and
acoustic
stores
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What is a counterpoint to the evidence from KF's case study?
Unclear
if
KF
had other
cognitive impairments
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How did KF's motorcycle accident potentially affect his memory performance?
It may have caused additional
cognitive impairments
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What do studies of dual-task performance support?
The separate existence of the
visuo-spatial sketchpad
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What was the outcome when participants performed visual and verbal tasks simultaneously?
Performance was
similar
to separate tasks
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What happens to performance when both tasks are visual or verbal?
Performance declines
substantially
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Why do visual tasks decline in performance when both are performed simultaneously?
They compete for the same
subsystem
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What does the dual-task performance study suggest about the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
It processes visual input
separately
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What is a limitation regarding the central executive in working memory?
Lack of clarity over its
nature
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What did Baddeley (2003) say about the central executive?
It is the most important but least understood
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What do some psychologists believe about the central executive?
It may consist of separate
subcomponents
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Why is the central executive considered an unsatisfactory component?
It lacks a
clear specification
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How does the lack of clarity about the central executive challenge the WMM?
It questions the
integrity
of the model
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