A03

• What is one strength of research into misleading information?

  It has practical uses in criminal justice.
• Why are police officers careful about phrasing questions?

  Leading questions distort eyewitness memory.
• Who believes that leading questions distort memory?

  Loftus
• How can psychologists assist in court trials?

  By explaining limits of eyewitness testimony.
• What is a consequence of inaccurate eyewitness testimony (EWT)?

  It can lead to faulty convictions.
• What do Loftus and Palmer's research participants experience differently than real witnesses?

  Less stress during the lab setting.
• Why might research participants be less motivated to be accurate?

  Responses do not have real-world consequences.
• What does Rachel Foster et al. (1994) suggest about eyewitness testimony research?

  Researchers may be too pessimistic about EWT.
• What limitation does Rachel Sutherland and Harlene Hayne (2001) identify in EWT accuracy?

  EWT is more accurate for central details.
• What happens to participants' recall when asked misleading questions?

  Recall is more accurate for central details.
• What does the evidence from Sutherland and Hayne suggest about original memories?

  Original memories for central details survived.
• What limitation does the memory conformity explanation face?

  Post-event discussion alters eyewitness testimony.
• What did Elin Skagerberg and Daniel Wright (2008) find about participants' reports?

  Participants blended details from different versions.
• What does the blending of details suggest about memory?

  Memory is distorted by misleading discussions.
• What is the implication of the findings on memory conformity?

  Memory distortion occurs through contamination.