A03

• What is one strength of the cognitive interview (CI)?

  Evidence shows it is effective.
• What did the meta-analysis by Günter Köhnken et al. (1999) reveal about the CI?

  It showed a 41% increase in accurate information.
• How many studies were included in Köhnken et al.'s meta-analysis?

  55 studies
• What does the CI help witnesses do?

  Recall information stored in memory.
• What was a counterpoint found by Köhnken et al. regarding the CI?

  It increased the amount of inaccurate information.
• What issue was particularly noted with the enhanced cognitive interview (ECI)?

  It produced more incorrect details than the CI.
• What should police officers do with eyewitness evidence from CIs and ECIs?

  They should treat it with caution.
• What limitation did Milne and Bull (2002) find regarding the CI's elements?

  Not all elements are equally effective.
• Which two techniques produced better recall when combined, according to Milne and Bull?

  Report everything and reinstate the context.
• What does the finding by Milne and Bull suggest about the CI?

  Some aspects are more useful than others.
• What is a limitation of the CI regarding police officers' use?

  It is time-consuming and requires training.
• Why might police officers be reluctant to use the CI?

  It takes more time and training than standard interviews.
• What do police officers need to establish with a witness when using the CI?

  Rapport
• What do many police forces lack regarding the CI?

  Resources for extensive training.
• What does the time-consuming nature of the CI suggest about its practicality?

  It may not be realistic for police use.
• What might be better for police officers instead of using the complete CI?

  Focusing on a few key elements.