1.2

• What are the main components of the criminal justice system?

  Police, law creation, courts, punishment, agencies
• What is the primary responsibility of the police in the criminal justice system?

  Enforcing criminal law
• What actions can police take when investigating a crime?

  Collect evidence, arrest, detain suspects
• How many regional police forces are there in the UK?

  43 regional forces
• Who is responsible for creating laws in the UK?

  Parliament and judges
• What is the role of the Ministry of Justice?

  Oversee criminal justice and legal aid
• Who heads the Home Office?

  Home Secretary
• What is the primary function of prisons?

  Supervise offenders
• What methods do prisons use to monitor prisoner activity?

  Regular headcounts and staff patrols
• What happens during discipline hearings in prisons?

  Address rule violations by offenders
• What are some punishments for breaking prison rules?

  Loss of privileges, more cell time
• What is solitary confinement used for in prisons?

  Punishment for severe rule violations
• What types of support do prisons offer to rehabilitate offenders?

  Educational courses and work programmes
• What does the probation service assess in offenders?

  Risk to the public and likelihood of reoffending
• What is the purpose of rehabilitation programmes in the probation service?

  Address root causes of offending
• What do probation officers ensure offenders comply with?

  Conditions set by the court
• What do pre-sentence reports prepared by the probation service help judges determine?

  Most appropriate sentence for offenders
• What is the role of the Crown Prosecution Service?

  Independent prosecution authority in CJS
• How many cases does the Crown Prosecution Service handle annually?

  Approximately 500,000 cases
• What does the Crown Prosecution Service advise police on?

  Investigative lines of enquiry
• What is the Full Code Test used for by the Crown Prosecution Service?

  Assess police-submitted evidence
• What is the responsibility of HM Courts and Tribunals Service?

  Administration of courts and tribunals
• What is the role of the Sentencing Council?

  Ensure consistency and fairness in sentencing
• What happens during court proceedings regarding the defendant's plea?

  Court hears the plea from the defendant
• Who decides the verdict in court?

  Jury or magistrate
• What does the judge decide after the verdict is given?

  Appropriate punishment for the defendant
• What can defendants do if they disagree with the verdict or sentence?

  Appeal the verdict or sentence