Classification

• What is the definition of first ionisation energy?

  The energy required to remove an electron
• What is the definition of electronegativity?

  The ability of an atom to attract electrons
• What is periodicity in the context of the periodic table?

  • Study of repeating patterns in the periodic table
  • Elements in a group have similar chemical properties
  • Similarities due to electron configurations
• How is the periodic table organized in terms of electron configurations?

  It is split into blocks based on subshells
• What trend is observed across a period in the periodic table?

  Differences among elements but repeating trends
• What types of structures do elements in different groups exhibit?

  • Group 1, 2, and some of group 3: Giant metallic lattices
  • Group 4: Giant covalent structures
  • Groups 5-8: Simple molecular structures
• How do melting and boiling point trends relate to structure?

  They follow the types of structures present
• How do first ionisation energies change across a period?

  They generally increase across a period
• How do electronegativity values change down a group?

  They generally decrease down a group
• Why is chlorine more electronegative than sodium?

  Chlorine has a higher effective nuclear charge
• Why does fluorine have a higher first ionisation energy than chlorine?

  Fluorine has fewer electron shells than chlorine
• Why does aluminum have a higher melting point than magnesium?

  Aluminum has more delocalized electrons
• What type of structure does magnesium have?

  Giant metallic lattice
• What type of structure does chlorine have?

  Simple molecular structure
• What type of structure does iron(II) oxide (FeO) have?

  Giant metallic lattice
• What type of structure does solid carbon (C(s)) have?

  Giant covalent structure
• What is the significance of using data from unfamiliar elements?

  To predict their structure and bonding
• How do trends across the periodic table assist in predictions?

  They help predict properties of elements