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• Adolf Hitler


  Austrian-born founder of the German Nazi Party and chancellor of the Third Reich (1933-1945).
• Ernst Rohm


  Leader of the SA (another paramilitary organization, a part of the old Nazi party, predecessor to SS) German officer and early Nazi leader, was executed by Hitler as a potential rival
• Joseph Goebbels


  Chief minister of the Nazi propaganda
• Weimar Republic


  the republic that was established in Germany in 1919 and ended in 1933
• Ebert


  First president of the Weimar Republic
• Proportional Representation


  An election system in which each party running receives the proportion of legislative seats corresponding to its proportion of the vote.
• Coalition government


  When two or more parties join together to form a majority in a national legislature.
• Kaiser Wilhelm II


  Emperor of Germany during World War I
• November Criminals


  German Leaders who signed Treaty of Versailles.
• Stab in the Back Myth

  The notion, widely believed in right-wing circles in Germany after 1918, that the German Army did not lose World War I but was instead betrayed by the civilians on the home front, especially the republicans who overthrew the monarchy.
• Invasion of the Ruhr 1923

  France invaded the Ruhr after Germany fell short on the reparations.
• Spartacist Revolt 1919


  Unsuccessful Communist revolt in Berlin in 1919. The leaders, Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were both murdered by the Freikorps.
• Hyperinflation


  A very rapid rise in the price level; an extremely high rate of inflation.
• Treaty of Versailles


  the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans
• Reparations


  As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war (£6.6 billion)
• The Rhineland


  A region in Germany designated a demilitarized zone by the Treaty of Versailles.
• The War Guilt Clause

  Clause in the Treaty of Versailles that blamed Germany completely for starting World War I (Article 231).
• Munich Putsch 1923


  Also known as the 'Beer Hall Putsch'. This was an unsuccessful right wing revolt in 1923 in Munich by Hitler and 3,000 supporters to overthrow the

  Weimar government. It gave a lot of publicity to Hitler and the Nazis.
• Mein Kampf (My Struggle)

  Work written by Hitler while in prison in 1923; the book outlines his policies for German expansion, war, and elimination of non-Aryans.
• Arbeit und Brot


  Work and bread
• Autarky


  economic independence or self-sufficiency.
• Nuremberg Rallies


  The annual rally of Nazi Party in Nuremberg during 1933 to 1938, which was functioned as a large propaganda to symbolize the solidarity between German people and Nazi Party.
• National Socialist German Workers Party

  (Nazi Party) was a far-right, racist political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945.
• German Workers' Party (DAP)

  This was a political party in Germany founded in 1919 by Anton Drexler. Hitler was sent by the army to investigate it in 1920 and he ended up joining it. In 1920 it would be renamed the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) or "Nazi" Party.
• Lebensram


  living space.
• Aryans


  Germanic people seen as the master race.
• Ludendorff


  A WW1 General and widely respected military commander who helped the Nazis with the Munich Putsch.
• The Saar


  An important German coalfield, was to be given to France for 15 years according to the Treaty of Versailles.
• Reichstag Fire


  27th February 1933
• Van der Lubbe


  Communist that reportedly set Reichstag alight.
• Reichstag Fire Law


  Gave Chancellor Hitler the power to ban the communist party, ban critical newspapers and impose on the privacy of private letters or telephone calls.
• Article 48 of the Weimar Constitution

  Allowed the President, under certain circumstances, to take emergency measures without the prior consent of the Reichstag.
• Enabling Act of 1933

  signed by Hindenburg, gave special powers to Hitler's government and enabled him and his cabinet to enact laws without the participation of the Reichstag.
• Night of the Long Knives

  June 1934
• Hindenburg


  President of Germany who died in 1934 and was replaced by Hitler.
• Gestapo


  Hitler's secret police
• The SS


  The military wing of the Nazi Party.
• The SA / Brownshirts

  • A private army created by Hitler
  • Made up of young men who had been members of the Friekorps
  • Meant to protect Nazi meetings
  • Started violence and attacked political opponents
• Police State


  a country that maintains repressive control over the people by means of police (especially secret police)
• Concentration Camps


  prison camps used under the rule of Hitler in Nazi Germany. Conditions were inhuman, and prisoners, mostly Jewish people, were generally starved or worked to death, or killed immediately.