{B5}

• What is the definition of homeostasis?

  Regulation of internal conditions for optimum function
• Why do enzymes require stable conditions?


  They cannot work well if conditions change
• What are the three internal conditions homeostasis regulates in the human body?

  Blood glucose, body temperature, water levels
• What are the key features of automatic control systems in the body?

  • Involves nervous system or hormones
  • Receptor cells detect environmental changes
  • Coordination Center processes information
  • Effector carries out the response
• What is a stimulus in the context of homeostasis?

  A change to the environment
• What role do receptor cells play in homeostasis?

  They detect changes in the environment
• What is the function of the Coordination Center?

  Processes information from receptor cells
• What is the role of an effector in homeostasis?

  Carries out the response to maintain balance
• How do automatic control systems maintain internal conditions?

  By using receptors, Coordination Centers, and effectors
• What happens to blood glucose concentration during exercise?

  • Blood glucose concentration falls
  • Respiration uses glucose for energy
  • Body temperature rises
  • Water is lost through sweating
• What is the purpose of homeostasis in the body?

  To keep internal conditions constant
• What might be a consequence of failing to maintain homeostasis?

  Cells may not function properly
• How does the body respond to a rise in temperature during exercise?

  By sweating to cool down
• What is the relationship between homeostasis and automatic control systems?

  Automatic control systems maintain homeostasis
• What is the endocrine system?

  A system controlled by hormones
• What should you be able to do by the end of the video?

  Describe the endocrine system and its glands
• What is the role of the pituitary gland?

  Releases hormones into the blood
• How does the nervous system communicate compared to the endocrine system?

  Nervous system uses electrical impulses; endocrine uses hormones
• What is a key feature of the nervous system?

  It is extremely fast
• What is a key feature of the endocrine system?

  It produces slower, long-lasting effects
• What are the key glands in the endocrine system?

  • Pancreas
  • Ovaries
  • Testes
  • Thyroid gland
  • Adrenal glands
  • Pituitary gland
• What does the pancreas control in the body?

  Concentration of glucose in the blood
• What hormones do the ovaries and testes release?

  Hormones involved in puberty and reproduction
• What does the thyroid gland regulate?

  Growth and basal metabolic rate
• What hormone do the adrenal glands release?

  Adrenaline during fear or stress
• Why is the pituitary gland called the master gland?

  It triggers other glands to release hormones
• What do pituitary hormones do?

  Act on other glands to release hormones
• Where is the pituitary gland located?

  In the brain
• What can trigger a range of effects in the body?

  Pituitary hormones acting on other glands
• What should you remember about the endocrine system for the exam?

  • Identify locations of key glands
  • Understand roles of each gland
  • Describe the function of hormones