A03 The Multi-store model of memory

• Supporting research evidence

  Studies into coding, capacity and duration demonstrate differences between STM and LTM. They support MSM's view that two memory stores are different and independent
• There is more than one type of STM


  Shallice and Wallington studies patient called KF who had amnesia
• KF's findings

  KF's Short Term Memory for digits was very poor when read out loud to him but his recall was better when he read the digits himself. Further studies of KF and other people with amnesia showed there could be another store for non-verbal sounds
• Unitary STM


  Limitation to MSM because there has to be one STM store to process visual information and other store to process auditory information which contradicts the unitary STM theory
• There is more than one type of rehearsal


  Craik and Watkins found its not the quantity of rehearsal but quality.
• Elaborative rehearsal


  A memory technique that involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered, as opposed to simply repeating the word to yourself over and over which transfers information from STM into LTM. This cannot be explained by the model
• Artificial materials

  Lots of research studies that provide support for MSM used digits, letter and even consonants which has no meaning to the ppts. Useful things like people's faces, names, places and facts should be used
• There is more than one type of LTM

  Lots of research that LTM is not a unitary store. For example, we may have one store which contains facts about the world while another store which contains our memories of our first time riding a bike