Tissue Fluid

• What is meant by oncotic pressure?

  Pressure exerted by plasma proteins
• What is the function of tissue fluid?

  It bathes tissue cells and transfers molecules
• How is tissue fluid formed?

  Fluid passes out of blood in capillaries
• What are the two main parts of blood?

  Blood cells and blood plasma
• What role do red blood cells play?

  They transport oxygen
• What is the role of white blood cells?

  They play a role in the immune system
• What are platelets involved in?

  Blood clotting
• What does blood plasma contain?

  Dissolved molecules like glucose and proteins
• What is the function of blood plasma?

  It suspends blood cells and carries nutrients
• How does tissue fluid transfer molecules?

  It transfers oxygen and glucose to cells
• What happens to waste molecules in tissue fluid?

  They pass into the tissue fluid
• What is the structure of capillaries?

  Thin-walled blood vessels with gaps
• What is hydrostatic pressure?

  Pressure that forces fluid out of blood
• What is the relationship between hydrostatic and oncotic pressure at the arterial end?

  Hydrostatic pressure is greater than oncotic pressure
• What is ultrafiltration?

  Process of fluid being forced out of capillaries
• What happens at the venous end of the capillary?

  Water moves back into the blood by osmosis
• What percentage of tissue fluid is reabsorbed back into the blood?

  90 percent
• What happens to the remaining 10 percent of tissue fluid?

  It drains into lymph capillaries
• What is the role of lymph capillaries?

  They connect to larger lymph vessels
• How does lymph fluid move?

  When lymph vessels are squeezed by muscles
• What role does the lymphatic system play?

  It plays a role in immunity
• What are the key components of blood?

  • Blood cells (red and white)
  • Platelets
  • Blood plasma
  • Plasma proteins (e.g., albumin)
• What are the processes involved in the formation and return of tissue fluid?

  1. Tissue fluid is formed at the arterial end.
  2. Hydrostatic pressure forces fluid out.
  3. Oncotic pressure pulls water back in.
  4. Tissue fluid returns at the venous end.