The Heart

• What is the pattern of blood flow through the human heart?

  Oxygenated blood flows to lungs, then body
• What type of circulatory system do mammals, including humans, have?

  A double circulatory system
• What happens to blood pressure as blood passes through the lungs?

  Blood pressure falls
• What occurs when oxygen diffuses from the blood?

  It enters actively respiring cells
• How many times does blood pass through the heart during its journey?

  Twice
• What is the structure of the human heart described in this video?

  The heart has two separate sides and four chambers
• What are the top two chambers of the heart called?

  Atria
• What are the bottom two chambers of the heart called?

  Ventricles
• How do the muscular walls of the atria compare to the ventricles?

  Atria have thinner walls than ventricles
• What separates the atria from the ventricles?

  Atrioventricular valves
• What is the left atrioventricular valve also called?

  Bicuspid valve
• What is the right atrioventricular valve also called?

  Tricuspid valve
• What ensures that the atrioventricular valves open in the right direction?

  Tendons
• What prevents blood from passing directly between the two sides of the heart?

  The septum
• Through which vessel does oxygenated blood enter the right atrium?

  Vena cava
• What are the two branches of the vena cava?

  Superior and inferior vena cava
• What does the superior vena cava do?

  Brings blood from the head and upper body
• What does the inferior vena cava do?

  Brings blood from the lower parts of the body
• Where does the deoxygenated blood go after the right atrium?

  To the right ventricle
• What does the right ventricle do with deoxygenated blood?

  Pumps it to the lungs
• Through which artery does the right ventricle pump blood to the lungs?

  Pulmonary artery
• What happens to blood in the lungs?

  It becomes oxygenated
• How does oxygenated blood return to the heart from the lungs?

  Through the pulmonary vein
• Where does the pulmonary vein bring blood into?

  The left atrium
• What happens to blood after it enters the left atrium?

  It passes into the left ventricle
• What does the left ventricle do with oxygenated blood?

  Pumps it out through the aorta
• What is the large blood vessel that transfers oxygenated blood to the body?

  Aorta
• What is important to note about the contraction of the right and left sides of the heart?

  They contract at the same time
• Why does the left ventricle have a thicker muscular wall than the right ventricle?

  It pumps blood around the whole body
• What do the pulmonary artery and aorta contain?

  Valves
• What is the function of the coronary artery?

  Supplies the heart muscle with oxygen
• What will be discussed in the video on cardiovascular disease?

  The coronary artery
• What are the main components of the human heart's structure?

  • Four chambers: atria and ventricles
  • Atrioventricular valves (bicuspid and tricuspid)
  • Septum separating the heart sides
  • Coronary artery supplying heart muscle
• Describe the pattern of blood flow through the human heart.

  1. Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium via vena cava
  2. Blood moves to right ventricle
  3. Blood is pumped to lungs via pulmonary artery
  4. Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium via pulmonary vein
  5. Blood moves to left ventricle
  6. Blood is pumped to body via aorta