Equity theory is an economic model of relationships based on the idea of fairness for each partner. It emphasises the need for each partner's level of profit to be roughly the same.
If one partner perceives a relationship as unfair, they are going to be dissatisfied with it regardless of whether they are over-benefitting or under-benefitting.
Over-benefitters feel guilt, discomfort and shame. Due to this, they may be less inclined to restore the balance of the relationship.
Under-benefitters feel anger, hostility and resentment. They may work to restore the balance and regain equity or change their perception of what is fair.
The longer feelings of unfairness exist within a relationship the more likely they are to break up. How can equity be restored?
Someone can put more or less into the relationship.
Someone may demand more out of the relationship.
Someone may revise their perceptions of rewards and costs.
