Bowlby’s Maternal Deprivation

• What does Bowlby’s theory of maternal deprivation suggest?

  Loss of attachment leads to negative outcomes
• What are the effects of institutionalization as shown in Romanian orphan studies?

  Negative impacts on emotional and intellectual development
• How does early attachment influence later relationships?

  Shapes expectations and interactions in relationships
• What is the difference between maternal deprivation and maternal separation?

  Deprivation is loss of an attachment figure
• What is privation in attachment theory?

  Never forming any attachments
• What are the long-term effects of deprivation?

  Can lead to emotional and intellectual difficulties
• What did Bowlby believe about deprivation and juvenile delinquency?

  Deprivation leads to higher delinquency rates
• What did Bowlby’s 44 thieves study investigate?

  Impact of early separation on behavior
• How many thieves were studied in Bowlby’s research?

  44 thieves
• What did Bowlby find about 'affectionless thieves'?

  They experienced early separation from mothers
• What are the emotional effects of maternal deprivation?

  Can lead to affectionless psychopathy
• What is mental retardation in the context of deprivation?

  Delayed intellectual development and low IQ
• What did Goldfarb's study find about children in institutions?

  They had lower IQs than adopted children
• What is the significance of Bowlby’s critical period?

  It is crucial for forming healthy attachments
• How did Bowlby’s research influence hospital practices?

  Allowed parents to visit children in hospitals
• What did Bifulco et al's study find about maternal deprivation?

  Increased risk of depression and anxiety
• What age did Bifulco find was critical for the effects of deprivation?

  Before the age of 6
• What is the relationship between maternal deprivation and emotional vulnerability?

  Increases emotional vulnerability in individuals
• What did Bowlby's work on maternal deprivation demonstrate?

  Temporary separation can damage attachment
• Why were changes made to allow parents to see their infants during hospitalization?

  To prevent damage to carer-child attachment
• What do adoptive agencies prioritize for younger children?


  Placing them in families as soon as possible
• How has Bowlby's work been applied in the real world?

  It improved hospital care for children
• What did Bifulco et al (1992) find regarding women who experienced maternal deprivation?

  25% had depression or anxiety later in life
• What was the impact of losing a mother before age 6 according to Bifulco's study?

  Mental health problems were significantly greater
• What does the maternal deprivation hypothesis suggest about emotional development?

  Loss of attachment negatively affects development
• What did Lewis (1954) find in her replication of the 44 thieves study?

  Prolonged maternal separation did not lead to issues
• What does Lewis's study suggest about maternal deprivation effects?

  Effects are not consistent and other factors exist
• What is the critical period according to Bowlby?

  Prolonged separation leads to irreversible problems
• What happened to the Czech twins after isolation?

  They fully recovered with loving care
• What does the case of the Czech twins suggest about attachment formation?

  Early life may represent a sensitive period
• How does the sensitive period concept affect Bowlby's hypothesis?

  It decreases the validity of his hypothesis
• What is a practical application of Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory?

  Improved care practices in hospitals
• What is a further strength of Bowlby's theory?

  Supporting research shows increased emotional vulnerability
• What does Bowlby's theory suggest about emotional care in infancy?

  It is crucial for later emotional development
• What percentage of women without separation experienced mental health issues according to Bifulco?

  15%
• What is the implication of Bowlby's work for adoption practices?

  Prioritizing placement of younger children in families
• What does Bowlby's maternal deprivation theory emphasize?

  The importance of forming a monotropic bond
• How does Bowlby's theory relate to attachment behaviors and criminality?

  It provides an incomplete explanation for behaviors
• What is the significance of the changes in hospital practices due to Bowlby's research?

  They reflect the application of psychological findings
• What does the term 'monotropic bond' refer to in Bowlby's theory?

  A primary attachment to one caregiver