Effects of Institutionalisation

• What are the effects of institutionalization on children?

  Disinhibited attachment and mental retardation
• What is the focus of Rutter's English and Romanian adoptee study?

  Effects of emotional care on development
• At what ages were the Romanian orphans assessed in Rutter's study?

  4, 6, 11, and 15 years
• What is disinhibited attachment?

  Affection towards strangers like familiar people
• What causes mental retardation in children from institutions?

  Lack of care, stimulation, and interaction
• What conclusions can be drawn from Rutter's study on institutionalization?

  Long-term institutionalization harms development
• How might Luca's time in an orphanage affect his school performance?

  He may perform poorly due to cognitive impairment
• What is the Bucharest Early Intervention Project focused on?

  Attachment in institutionalized children
• How many institutionalized children were assessed in the Bucharest study?

  95 children
• What percentage of institutionalized children were securely attached in the Bucharest study?

  19%
• What is a strength of Rutter's study regarding its design?

  It is a longitudinal study
• How does having a key carer benefit children in institutions?

  It helps develop normal attachments
• What is a limitation of Rutter's study regarding adulthood effects?

  Effects on adulthood are unclear
• Why might findings from Romanian orphan studies lack generalizability?

  Conditions in Romanian orphanages were extreme
• What situational variables affect the validity of institutionalization studies?

  Differences in care standards across countries