Metals and Non-Metals

• Where do metals and non-metals appear on the periodic table?

  Metals are on the left side of the periodic table, while non-metals are on the right side.
• What type of ions do metals form?

  Positive Ions
• State the type of ion non-metals form.

  Negative ions
• Describe the physical properties of metals.

  • malleable
  • ductile
  • good conductors of heat and electricity
  • high density
  • shiny
• Describe the physical properties of non-metals.

  • brittle
  • poor conductor of heat and elecctricity
  • low density
  • dull
• Describe the chemical properties of metals.

  • metals lose electrons to form positive ions
• Describe the chemical properties of non-metals.

  • Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions
• How does the atomic structure of metals and non-metals relate to their position in the periodic table?

  Because of the number of electrons in their outer shells.

  • Metals are on the left side of the periodic table as they have few electrons in their outer shell
  • Non-metals are on the right side of the periodic table as they have more electrons in their outer shell
• How do the reactions of elements relate to the arrangement of electrons in their atoms and therefore their atomic number?

  The less/more electrons an atom has in their outermost shell determines how reactive that element is. For example, Alkali Metals like lithium only need to lose one electron from their outer shell until they are fully stable, making them highly reactive. Thus, the atomic number determines the electron configuration, which in turn dictates how an element reacts in chemical reactions.