CHEMICAL REACTION

• Chemical Reaction: a process in which atoms of one or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances.
• Reactants: the starting substance in a chemical reaction.
• Reaction Rate: The rate of a reaction is the number of collisions per second.
• Factors affecting reaction rate:

  • surface area
  • temperature
  • concentration and pressure
  • catalyst
  • inhibitors
• Surface Area: the amount of exposed, outer area of a solid.
• Increased surface area increases reaction rate because more particles on the surface of a solid come into contact with the particles of another substance.
• At higher temperature, the average speed of particles is greater. This means that the particles collide more frequently.
• Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants increases collision between particles.
• Catalyst: is a substance that increases reaction rate by lowering the activation energy of a reaction.
• Inhibitors: is a substance that slows, or even stops, a chemical reaction. This is done by binding to the active site of an enzyme
• It states that the total mass of the reactants before chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the product after the chemical reaction

  Law of Conservation of Mass
• Types of Chemical reaction:

  • Synthesis
  • Decomposition
  • Replacement

  1. Single-replacement

  2. Double-replacement

  • Combustion
• Synthesis- is when two or more substances combine and form one compound
• Decomposition- is when one compound breaks and form two or more substances
• Replacement -the action or process of replacing someone or something
• Single-Replacement- it is when one element replaces another element
• Double-replacement- it is when the negative ions in two compounds switch places, forming two new compounds
• Combustion- it is when a substance combines with oxygen and releases energy.
• Exothermic reaction- is a chemical reaction that gives out heat.
• Endothermic reaction- is a chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.