Changing Economic World: UK

• the primary industry is concerned with mining, agriculture or forestry (providing raw materials) to make products for the consumer
• the secondary industry is the manufacturing industry, making the raw materials into products for the consumer
• the tertiary industry is the provision of services
• the quaternary industry is based on knowledge or skill, providing information services and scientific research
• deindustrialisation is the decline of a country's traditional manufacturing industry due to exhaustion of raw materials, loss of markets and competition from NEE's
• globalisation is the process which has created a more connected world, which increases in the movement of goods (trade) and people (migration and tourism) worldwide.
• mechanisation of farming has meant that many farmers jobs have been replaced by machines (they are cheaper and easier to run)
• the UK government in the 1970s and 1980s sold many of their secondary or primary industries to companies in a process called privatisation
• Newly emerging economies such as China opened their country's to global business in the 1980s and many UK firms chose to move there
• the UK pumped nearly £5 billion into high tech research and development in 2015
• since deindustrialisation, there has been an increase in the amount of people working in the service and quaternary industries
• growth corridors are areas of fast economic growth following major transport routes
• a science park is a group of science and technical research centres located on a single site
• a business park is an area of land occupied by a cluster of businesses
• areas where science and business parks want to locate:

  • close to universities
  • on the edge of cities (cheaper land and more space)
  • close to transport links
  • close to other science/business centres
• benefits of science parks:

  • places where small scale science and innovation can happen
  • good links with universities- source of graduates
  • attractive locations
  • onsite meeting rooms, health centres, coffee shops and nurseries
  • good transport links
• Southampton science park opened in 1986
• Southampton science park contains 100 small businesses