5.3.1 The Study of Internal Mental Processes

• How does Artificial Intelligence relate to Cognitive Psychology?

  Artificial Intelligence aims to create computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human-like intelligence, informed by the study of human cognition in Cognitive Psychology
• What does the cognitive approach focus on?

  Internal mental processes
• What is the significance of internal mental processes in decision-making?

  They help in planning before making decisions
• What is the purpose of schemas in the cognitive approach?

  They provide mental shortcuts for processing information
• How do internal mental processes influence behavior according to the cognitive approach?

  They shape how we interpret and respond to information
• What are the types of observational methods used in research?

  • Controlled observation
  • Naturalistic observation
• What are the key areas of study in Cognitive Neuroscience?

  • Brain damage and effect on cognition
  • Computer simulation
• What are cognitive structures in the cognitive approach?

  Mental frameworks like schemas and scripts
• What is the information processing model in the cognitive approach?

  • Compares the mind to a computer
  • Takes in information
  • Processes information
  • Stores information
• What methods does Human experimental psychology use?

  Controlled studies
• What behavior is triggered by seeing a red light at night according to the cognitive approach?

  Braking the vehicle
• How does the Information Processing Approach view mental processes?

  As sequential stages like a computer
• What are the main areas of Cognitive Psychology?

  • Human experimental psychology
  • Computer analogies Information Processing Approach
  • Cognitive neuroscience
• What does Human experimental psychology investigate?

  Memory, attention, and problem-solving
• What is the Information Processing Approach in Cognitive Psychology?

  The Information Processing Approach views the human mind as a computer, processing information through various stages like memory, attention, problem-solving, and language.
• How do internal mental processes relate to behavior?

  They link sensory input to our behavior
• How does the schema of stopping influence behavior when seeing a red light?

  It leads to the behavior of braking
• How does the Case Study method differ from the Experimental Method?

  Case Study focuses on an in-depth analysis of a single individual or group, while Experimental Method involves controlled manipulation of variables and random assignment
• What is the relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Psychology?

  Artificial Intelligence aims to create computer systems that can perform tasks that require human-like intelligence, which is informed by the study of human cognition in Cognitive Psychology.
• What are the types of self-report methods used in research?

  • Introspection
  • Self-reports
  • Clinical interviews
• What are the three main types of methods used to study internal mental processes?

  Experimental, observational, and self-report methods
• What is the main focus of Human experimental psychology?

  Human experimental psychology
• What analogy is used to describe mental processes in the study material?

  Mental processes are like "software" in our minds
• What are the key differences between the Experimental Method and the Quasi-Experimental Method?

  • Experimental Method: Strict control over variables, random assignment to conditions
  • Quasi-Experimental Method: Less control over variables, no random assignment
• How does the Information Processing Approach view the human mind?

  The human mind is viewed as a computer, processing information through various stages
• Which research method would be most appropriate to study the neural mechanisms underlying empathy?

  Neurological Underpinning
• What are the types of experimental methods used in research?

  • True experiment (highest control)
  • Quasi-experiment (natural groups)
• What are the 8 research methods shown in the image?

  Experimental Method, Quasi-Experimental Method, Self Report Method, Naturalistic Observation, Neurological Underpinning, Controlled Observation and Clinical Interview, Introspection, Psychometric Testing
• What is the purpose of the Neurological Underpinning research method?

  To investigate the neural mechanisms and brain activity underlying psychological phenomena
• How do case studies and psychometric testing fit into the research methods for studying mental processes?

  They provide additional complementary ways to investigate
• What are the famous concepts in cognitive psychology?

  • Cognitive Schema
  • Bystander Effect
  • The Priming Effect
  • Framing Bias
  • The Forgetting Curve
  • The Serial Position Effect
  • Locus of Control
  • The Semantic Memory Network
• What might you do when faced with a problem?

  Engage in planning strategies
• What does Cognitive neuroscience examine?

  Brain activity to understand mental processes
• What does cognitive psychology try to understand?

  How people store and recall memories and acquire and use language
• When would a researcher use the Self Report Method?

  • To gather data on participants' thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and experiences through self-reported information (e.g. surveys, interviews, diaries)
• How does the Introspection method differ from the Self Report method?

  Introspection involves individuals examining and reporting on their own thoughts and mental processes, while Self Report relies on participants' self-reported information about their experiences
• How does the Controlled Observation and Clinical Interview method differ from the Naturalistic Observation method?

  • Controlled Observation: Observing participants in a controlled, laboratory setting
  • Naturalistic Observation: Observing participants in their natural environment without intervention
• How do the three frameworks of the cognitive approach complement each other?

  • Information processing provides a general theoretical model
  • Human experimental psychology offers empirical support through controlled studies
  • Cognitive neuroscience contributes by examining brain activity
• What is the Forgetting Curve?

  The phenomenon where people tend to forget information over time, with the most rapid forgetting occurring shortly after learning.
• What are the three key theoretical frameworks of the cognitive approach?

  Information Processing Approach, Human experimental psychology, Cognitive neuroscience