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paper 1 alevel psychology
social psychology
milgram and 3 variations
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frasier lewis
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Cards (79)
What was the aim of Milgram's study?
To discover pain inflicted under
authority
What was the maximum lethal voltage in Milgram's study?
450V
What was the main instruction given to the teacher in Milgram's experiment?
To deliver
electric
shocks for wrong answers
Where did the experimenter give commands from in Milgram's experiment?
Observation room
What role did participants assume in Milgram's experiment?
Teacher
What is the experimenter doing in the experiment?
Urging the
participant
to keep going
How did the teacher administer shocks in Milgram's experiment?
Through a
control panel
Who acted as the learner in Milgram's experiment?
A
confederate
What was the experimenter's role when the learner protested?
The experimenter encouraged
compliance
What happened after each wrong answer given by the learner?
Higher voltage
shocks were administered
What percentage of participants reached the maximum lethal voltage in Milgram's study?
65%
How did the learner respond to the shocks in Milgram's experiment?
The learner
protested
How were the teacher and learner positioned during the experiment?
They were in separate
rooms
What does the consistent pattern of obedience in Milgram's study indicate?
Authority figures
can influence harm infliction
What percentage of participants reached 300V in Milgram's study?
100%
What are the main results of Milgram's study?
65%
of
participants
reached
450V
100%
of participants reached
300V
Consistent pattern of obedience observed
Authority figures influence harm infliction
What happens to obedience when the authority figure communicates via telephone?
Obedience
decreases
How does the distance of the authority figure affect obedience?
Obedience
decreases
with
greater
distance
What happened to obedience levels when Milgram's study was conducted in a run-down office building?
Obedience levels dropped to
48%
What might explain the slight drop in obedience levels when female teachers were involved in Milgram's study?
Social norms or
gender dynamics
may play a role
What does the drop in obedience in Milgram's study illustrate about authority?
Consistent authority is crucial for
obedience
What was the effect of remote instructions in Milgram's study?
Obedience
dropped significantly
What does the change in obedience levels from Yale University to a run-down office building indicate?
The
physical environment
influences
perceptions
of
authority
What happened in Milgram's study when one experimenter said to continue and another said to stop?
Obedience
dropped
significantly
What happens to obedience when the participant is close to the learner?
Obedience
decreases
What was the obedience level in Milgram's study at Yale University?
65%
What factor affects obedience levels according to the study?
Distance
of authority figure
What was the initial finding regarding gender in Milgram's study on obedience?
Gender
had
little
impact on
obedience
levels
What are the implications of Milgram's study regarding authority and environment?
Location
affects obedience levels
Prestigious
settings
enhance
legitimacy
Physical environment shapes
reactions
to authority
What was the title of the variation of Milgram's study mentioned?
Ordinary Man Gives Orders
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How did the setup of the Ordinary Man Gives Orders variation differ from the original experiment?
The
experimenter
pretended to leave for a
call
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What was the obedience level in the Ordinary Man Gives Orders variation?
20%
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What was the obedience level in the Telephonic Instructions variation?
22.5%
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What was the maximum voltage participants were instructed to go to in the variations?
450 volts
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What year was the Hofling et al. experiment conducted?
1966
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What was the main focus of the Hofling et al. experiment?
Whether
nurses
would follow a
doctor's
lethal orders
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How many nurses were involved in the Hofling et al. experiment?
22
nurses
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What percentage of nurses were willing to administer the drug?
95.5%
of nurses
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How many nurses were aware of the discrepancy in the Hofling et al. experiment?
11
nurses
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Why is the Hofling et al. experiment considered to have good ecological validity?
It was conducted in a
natural setting
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