A03

• What is one strength of free will compared to determinism?

  Its practical value
• How does believing in free choice affect mental health?

  It can improve mental health
• Who conducted a study on adolescents' belief in fatalism?

  Rebecca Roberts et al. (2000)
• What was the finding of Roberts et al.'s study regarding adolescents with fatalism beliefs?

  They were at greater risk of depression
• What type of locus of control is associated with lower optimism?

  External locus of control
• What does the belief in free will suggest about its impact on mind and behavior?

  It may have a positive impact
• What does brain scan evidence suggest about free will?

  It does not support free will
• What did Benjamin Libet et al. (1983) measure in their study?

  Brain activity during wrist flicking
• What did Libet find about unconscious brain activity?

  It occurred before conscious decision
• How might Libet's findings challenge the concept of free will?

  They suggest decisions are made unconsciously
• What is a counterpoint to Libet's findings regarding decision-making?

  Decisions take time to reach consciousness
• What does the conscious awareness of a decision represent, according to the counterpoint?

  It is a 'read-out' of unconscious decisions
• What is one limitation of determinism in relation to the legal system?

  It contradicts individual responsibility
• What is the hard determinist stance on individual choice?

  It is not the cause of behavior
• How does the legal system view offenders in relation to free will?

  They are held responsible for actions
• What principle does the legal system operate on regarding defendants?

  They exercised free will in committing crimes
• What does the existence of a legal system suggest about determinist arguments?

  They do not work in the real world