lava types

• Pillow lava is formed under water.
• Pahoehoe lava resembles the skin of a custard due to the movement of lava beneath it.
• Aa lava is made of sharp, jagged basalt on the surface as lava flows beneath it.
• Lava tubes are the tunnels left by the flow of lava that have solidified along the top and bottom of a vent and the middle continues to flow, when the lava runs out the hollow tunnel is left.
• Vesicular lava has holes in the rock.
• Pumice is a highly vesicular rock from a silicic lava flow, with a very low density.
• Amygdaloidal lava has vesicles infilled.
• Columnar jointing is a texture of lava that occurs when a thick lava flow cools slowly where centres cool slowly and the rock contracts, an example is the Giants Causeway.
• Flood basalt refers to high volume eruptions that can last millions of years, an example is the Deccan Traps 65Ma where an eruption was large enough to alter the global climate for a long time, resulting in mass extinctions.