muscular system

• Which type of muscle is non-fatiguing and involuntary?

  Cardiac
• Which type of muscle is fatiguing and voluntary?

  Skeletal
• Which type of muscle is involuntary and has a slow contraction?

  Smooth
• Can you name the major skeletal muscles of the muscular system?

  • Deltoids
  • Biceps
  • Triceps
  • Wrist flexors
  • Wrist extensors
  • Supinators and pronators
  • Pectorals
  • Abdominals
  • Obliques
  • Quadriceps
  • Hip flexors
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Erector spinae
  • Trapezius
  • Latissimus dorsi
  • Gluteals
  • Hamstrings
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
• What is the name given to the muscle that contracts in an antagonistic muscle pair?

  Agonist
• What is the name given to the muscle that relaxes in an antagonistic muscle pair?

  Antagonist
• What is the role of a synergist muscle?

  Helps the agonist operate effectively
• What is the role of a fixator muscle?

  Stabilizes a joint to prevent unwanted movement
• Which type of skeletal muscle contraction involves no change in muscle length?

  Isometric
• Which type of skeletal muscle contraction involves muscle shortening?

  Concentric
• Which type of skeletal muscle contraction involves muscle lengthening?

  Eccentric
• What is another name for type I muscle fibres?

  Slow twitch
• What is another name for type IIa muscle fibres?

  Fast twitch
• What is another name for type IIx muscle fibres?

  Fast twitch
• Which type of muscle fibre has a high resistance to fatigue?

  Type I
• Which type of muscle fibre has a low resistance to fatigue?

  Type IIx
• What is a key response of the muscular system to a single sports session?

  Increased blood supply
• What can accumulate in muscles during high-intensity exercise?

  Lactate
• What occurs in muscle fibres during resistance exercise?

  Microtears
• What is the name given to an increase in muscle size through regular training?

  Hypertrophy
• What happens to tendon strength with regular training?

  It increases
• What adaptation occurs in myoglobin stores with regular training?

  Increase in myoglobin stores
• What adaptation occurs to the number and size of mitochondria through regular training?

  Increase in number and size
• What happens to glycogen storage in muscles with regular training?

  Increase in storage
• What happens to fat storage in muscles with regular training?

  Increase in storage
• What happens to tolerance to lactate with regular training?

  Increased tolerance
• What effect does the aging process have on muscle mass?

  Loss of muscle mass
• What is cramp defined as?

  Involuntary sustained skeletal muscle contraction
• How do skeletal muscles contract?

  By impulses sent by the brain
• What is the primary function of cardiac muscles?

  Help circulate blood through the heart
• How are smooth muscles controlled?

  By the nervous system
• What is the function of the biceps muscle?

  Flexion of the lower arm at elbow
• What is the origin of the biceps muscle?

  Scapula
• What is the insertion point of the biceps muscle?

  Radius
• What is the function of the triceps muscle?

  Extends lower arm
• What are the origin points of the triceps muscle?

  Humerus and scapula
• What is the insertion point of the triceps muscle?

  Olecranon process
• What is the function of supinator muscles?

  Supinate the forearm
• What is the function of pronator muscles?

  Pronate the forearm
• What is the function of the wrist flexors?

  Flexion of the hand at wrist