the humanistic approach L7

• What are some characteristics of self-actualization?

  Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving
• What are some aspects of self-esteem?

  Confidence, achievement, respect of others
• What are some components of security in life?

  Security of body, employment, resources
• What are some basic physiological needs?

  Breathing, food, water, sleep
• What is the basic assumption of humanistic psychology according to Rogers?

  • Humans have free will
  • Focuses on the self
  • Two basic needs: unconditional positive regard and self-worth
• What does Rogers claim about free will?

  It allows significant personal development
• What are the conditions of worth according to Rogers?

  Acceptance depends on meeting others' expectations
• What is Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

  1. Physiological needs
  2. Safety needs
  3. Love/belonging needs
  4. Esteem needs
  5. Self-actualization
• What happens when self-concept and ideal self are similar?

  Greater psychological state of congruence
• What do people use to feel less threatened according to Rogers?

  Defense mechanisms and self-esteem
• What do people who attain self-actualization experience?

  Creativity and peak experiences
• How do humanistic therapies facilitate self-actualization?

  By providing empathy and unconditional positive regard
• What did Rogers claim about psychological problems?

  They result from conditions of worth
• What role do humanistic therapists play in counseling?

  They act as guides for self-actualization
• What does research with adolescents suggest about conditional positive regard?

  • Leads to 'false self behavior'
  • Increases likelihood of self-dislike
  • Correlates with higher depression rates
• What is a limitation of humanistic research methods?

  They do not establish causality
• What did Rogers advocate regarding research methods?

  Non-experimental research methods
• What do studies show about personal growth from humanistic counseling?

  They show growth but not causation